Getting Around Colombia: A Comprehensive Guide to Transportation

Covering an area nearly twice the size of Texas, Colombia is a huge country. With a backbone formed by the Andes Mountains and vast swaths of forest covering more than 70% of its land area, navigating this region can be a challenge.

Fortunately, getting around in Colombia is facilitated by a robust network of transport options that allow you to cover large distances with relative ease. Nevertheless, it’s important to note that fitting every highlight of the country into just one trip may prove to be a challenge.

Traveling by Air: Quick but Not Eco-Friendly

With a surge of no-frills airlines making their mark in Colombia, converting long bus journeys into short flights has never been easier. Domestic flights are often affordable and can save you considerable time on your travels, although it’s crucial to be mindful of the environmental impact.

Be aware, however, that prices for flights can soar during December and January when many Colombians flock to the Caribbean coast for holiday festivities. Destinations like Cartagena, San Andrés, and Santa Marta are particularly affected by this surge in demand. Booking in advance is generally advisable, yet last-minute deals do occasionally surface.

In remote coastal and Amazon regions, flying is often your only option. Locations such as Leticia, Nuquí, and La Macarena remain largely disconnected by road and rely on small jets and ATR turboprops mainly serviced by the state-owned airline.

Buses: The Backbone of Colombian Public Transport

Buses serve as the primary mode of transport throughout Colombia. Most towns feature a central bus station from which large public buses depart to various destinations. Travelers adhering to a budget will find that overnight bus rides can save on accommodation costs, allowing you to stretch your funds further.

For instance, a nine-hour bus ride from Medellín to Bogotá typically costs around COP$65,000, while an 11-hour journey from Bogotá to Cali is approximately COP$80,000. However, this affordability often comes with certain trade-offs. Passengers should be prepared for loud music or excessively violent films throughout the journey.

Bringing earplugs, food, and drinks for long rides is advisable. As air conditioning can be set to frigid temperatures, pack plenty of layers even when traveling in warmer areas. Always keep your passport accessible, as you may need to show ID at military checkpoints along the route.

Colombia’s winding mountain roads can lead to thrilling bus rides, which may induce motion sickness. Keep your belongings close and avoid exposing valuables, especially in luggage stowed beneath the bus or in the overhead compartments.

Selecting the Right Bus Company

Not all bus companies offer the same level of service. While traveling is generally safer than in previous years, for long-distance journeys, opting for more expensive bus providers such as Expreso Bolivariano and Flota Occidental is recommended. These premium services typically minimize stops to pick up additional passengers, reducing potential risks.

Buses from reputable companies tend to provide more legroom, onboard facilities like toilets, and improved adherence to schedules.

Colectivos and Chivas for Shorter Trips

For shorter journeys between regional destinations, the quickest route is often by buseta or colectivo—terms referring to minivans that can carry a full load of passengers alongside their luggage. These vehicles are more nimble than larger buses, allowing faster transit between towns and cities, although they may charge a slight premium.

Fares are typically paid directly to the driver, who will wait until the vehicle is full before departing. Opt for a vehicle already occupied by passengers for a quicker trip.

In regions such as the coffee zone, vintage Willys Jeeps also operate, accommodating several passengers in front and others precariously clinging to the back. Iconic chivas, colorful local buses with seating both inside and on the roof, remain staples in more rural areas.

Urban Transportation: Safe and Efficient

Colombia’s larger cities boast clean and secure public transit systems. In Bogotá, the TransMilenio bus network utilizes dedicated bus lanes for efficient travel. Similarly, Calí’s Masivo Integrado de Occidente (Mio) operates in a comparable fashion.

Medellín’s Metro is a highlight of public transport, seamlessly connecting with the Metroplús bus system and the Metrocable cable car, which ascends into the surrounding hills while offering breathtaking views of the city.

A rechargeable card is required to use any of these transport systems and can typically be purchased at stations or even at El Dorado International Airport in Bogotá.

Secure Taxi Options in Colombia

Many areas in Colombian cities can be unsafe at night, making it advisable to opt for a taxi instead of walking back to your accommodation. Ride-hailing apps such as Easy Taxi and Uber offer a more secure alternative for taxi rides.

Street-side yellow cabs are common in urban settings and are typically metered. However, using an app can help prevent unexpected fare increases at payment time. If opting for a street taxi, it’s preferable to go to a taxi stand rather than flagging down a passing vehicle.

In cities like Bogotá, taxi fares can be particularly nuanced. Instead of displaying straightforward prices, the meter starts at 25, requiring понимание of a tariff sheet attached to the back of the passenger seat to determine the final fare.

For simplicity, consider downloading the Calculadora de Tarifas app or consulting your hotel regarding typical taxi fares to ensure you agree with the driver beforehand, especially in smaller towns where fares are customarily negotiated prior to getting into the vehicle.

Adventuring on Two Wheels

Colombia is a key destination for cycling enthusiasts within Latin America. Although the geography can be challenging, biking can be a thrilling experience in Colombia. Various local shops provide bicycle rentals and repair services throughout the country.

On Sundays in Bogotá, participants can join hundreds of other cyclists and pedestrians when the capital closes its roads for the weekly Ciclovía event, allowing for safe and enjoyable cycling without vehicular interference.

Boats: Scenic Travel on Water

To access isolated communities, hidden beaches, and picturesque islands along Colombia’s Caribbean and Pacific coasts, traveling by lancha (boat) is often the most efficient and scenic option. The stunning Islas del Rosario can only be reached by boat from Cartagena, while chartered speedboats provide access to the breathtaking areas within Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona.

Generally, boats can be arranged at the harbor of the town nearest your desired destination. Departures are typically contingent on sufficient passenger numbers, ensuring a viable journey.

Accessibility of Transport in Colombia

Colombia presents notable challenges for travelers with disabilities, as wheelchair-friendly options are scarce. However, Bogotá’s TransMilenio system is largely accessible, featuring designated spaces for wheelchairs on city buses. When planning to travel, having a portable ramp on hand is advisable in case the bus stops away from the curb.

Accessible taxis are infrequently found in many cities; therefore, using a folding manual wheelchair or compact collapsible travel scooter is recommended for ease of transport. Most long-distance buses lack accessibility features, making flights a preferable alternative. For additional guidance, consult accessible travel resources focused on Colombian destinations.

This article was first published on April 30, 2022, and updated on October 2, 2023.