Top Destinations to Explore in Sri Lanka

With forested mountains, sandy beaches, and a rich history spanning centuries of maritime trade, Sri Lanka offers travelers a wondrous mix of experiences. Even on a short trip, you can fit in days of beach relaxation, exhilarating surfing, close encounters with elephants and leopards, tea plantation tours, and visits to some of Asia’s most remarkable shrines and ancient ruins, alongside unforgettable meals.

Measuring just 240km (150 miles) across at its widest point, Sri Lanka fits an abundance of experiences into a small area. You can roam from coast to coast in a day by train, bus, or hired car. However, with so many charming places to visit, it can be challenging to decide where to start your island adventure.

Whether you decide to spend all your time on idyllic beaches, focus on Buddhist stupas, or explore wildlife-filled national parks, here’s our pick of the best places to visit in Sri Lanka to get you started.

1. Colombo

Best for Food and Big City Vibes

No itinerary would be complete without a trip to Colombo, Sri Lanka’s culturally diverse capital city. This city provides a seamless introduction to the Sri Lankan way of life, centered on the cosmopolitan Fort district, which features landmark buildings from the colonial era, such as the terracotta-roofed Dutch Hospital, founded in the 1600s. The Fort District also boasts some excellent dining options.

Be sure to spend some time at Galle Face Green, Colombo’s main seaside promenade, where families gather to enjoy local snacks and dip their toes in the sea at sunset. Order yourself some isso vade – deep-fried prawn and lentil fritters topped with spicy sambol (coconut and chili chutney) – and settle in for people-watching.

Planning Tip: While Colombo is a safe and walkable city, tuk-tuks are inexpensive and convenient for getting around. Always ensure the tuk-tuk has a working meter to avoid overpaying for your ride.

2. Sigiriya

Best for History Buffs and Art Aficionados

With ornate ponds and royal sleeping chambers, the colossal ruin-topped outcrop of Sigiriya is Sri Lanka’s most recognizable site. The views from the top of the rock are unparalleled, and a calm hush awaits at the terraced summit, which spans 1.6 hectares (4 acres).

Planning Tip: Try to visit early in the day around 7 am; the cooler morning air makes it much more pleasant to ascend the 1200 steps to the top. Ensure you stay hydrated and wear comfortable shoes with good tread.

3. Anuradhapura

Best for Buddhist History

At first glance, Anuradhapura resembles a typical middle-sized Sri Lankan town. Yet, its simple facade hides a vast heritage; on the outskirts are the ruins of one of ancient Sri Lanka’s most prominent Buddhist sites.

The most sacred spot here is the revered Sri Maha Bodhi tree, believed to have grown from a cutting taken from the tree under which the Buddha attained enlightenment. Scattered throughout the surrounding jungles and villages are various archaeological wonders.

Planning Tip: Comfortable shoes are a must for walking between stupas and temples. Remember to remove footwear before entering the shrines and carry a scarf to cover your legs and shoulders.

4. Polonnaruwa

Best for Ancient Architecture

Often included in ancient cities circuits that include Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa is famous for its ancient ruins, carved temples, and rich Buddhist heritage. The 14m (46ft) reclining Buddha inside Gal Viharaya exemplifies the craftsmanship of this area.

Don’t miss the other archaeological sites in the vicinity, including the closely grouped temples and stupas that comprise the Royal Ruins, which can provide a rewarding day of exploration.

Planning Tip: Both Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa are ideal places to stay when traveling north from Colombo towards Jaffna, allowing you to break up the journey.

5. Jaffna

Best for a Taste of Tamil Culture

A visit to Jaffna in the far north offers a relaxed change from the rest of Sri Lanka, featuring everything from historic Jaffna Fort to the stunning architecture of Nallur Kandaswamy Kovil Hindu temple, where you can immerse yourself in the Tamil culture.

Jaffna has been revitalized post-conflict, with emerging restaurants serving spicy, Indian-influenced cuisine. The nearby islands accessible by road or ferry, such as Kayts and Delft, are also worth exploring.

Planning Tip: Be aware of local customs, such as removing footwear when entering sites like the Jaffna Public Library, where going barefoot is seen as a sign of respect.

6. Trincomalee

Best for an Unspoiled Beach Vacation

At Trincomalee, you’ll find stunning beaches and calm waters alongside dramatic cliffside Hindu temples like the famous Kandasamy Kovil. This enchanting destination offers a glimpse into a side of Sri Lanka that remains largely undiscovered by most tourists.

The long beaches are an ideal setting for snorkeling, with extensive coral reefs and thriving marine life waiting to be explored.

Planning Tip: Public beaches here do not have lifeguards; exercise caution when swimming and consider going snorkeling with a guide.

7. Dambulla

Best for a Mini-Pilgrimage

The Rangiri Cave Temple in Dambulla, set in a lush jungle frequented by monkeys, is one of the most visited places in Sri Lanka. The temple features five caves filled with 150 well-preserved statues of the Buddha, adorned with vibrant religious carvings sculpted into the rock.

Planning Tip: Dress in light-colored clothes to show respect, and be prepared for crowds on Poya days—days marking the full moon in the Buddhist calendar.

8. Minneriya National Park

Best for Wildlife Lovers

Vast herds of wild elephants roam the nearly 9000 hectares (22,240 acres) of Minneriya National Park, centered around the scenic Minneriya Lake. The annual Gathering, where over 300 elephants converge during the dry season, is a breathtaking spectacle.

Planning Tip: April to October is the best time to witness this incredible event. Pre-book your safari to manage the influx of vehicles during this busy period.

9. Kandy

Best for a Taste of the Hill Country

For a culturally rich trip, take the train from Colombo to Kandy, a journey filled with stunning landscapes. The Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic and Kandy Lake are must-see attractions that tourists should not miss.

Planning Tip: Visitors must cover their arms, legs, and shoulders when visiting the temple; consider wearing long sleeves or bringing a sarong.

10. Kumana National Park

Best for Birding Enthusiasts

The 200-hectare Kumana National Park is a paradise for bird watchers, home to vibrant kingfishers and a variety of endemic and migratory birds. Spot falcons and eagles soaring above while keeping an eye out for camouflaged crocodiles along the banks.

Planning Tip: Access the park through the village of Okanda and consider pre-arranging a guided jeep safari for an optimal experience.

11. Adam’s Peak

Best for Hikers

Sri Lanka’s holiest peak attracts pilgrims from various religious backgrounds. Join thousands of them early in the morning to hike to the temple at the summit and catch breathtaking views of the sunrise.

Planning Tip: The peak climb is moderate and offers resting spots. Aim to reach the summit by dawn for the best experience.

12. Kalpitiya

Best for Kitesurfers

Although attracting thrill-seekers, Kalpitiya retains its coastal charm. Visitors come here mainly for kitesurfing in the renowned Kalpitiya Lagoon, with beach huts that encourage a laid-back surf lifestyle.

Planning Tip: The ideal weather for kitesurfing is from October to May. Numerous kitesurfing schools are available to help you master the sport.

13. Arugam Bay

Best for Catching Waves

For aspiring surfers, Arugam Bay is an idyllic spot featuring a famous point break with waves that are ideal for beginners and experienced surfers alike. Various surf schools and laid-back accommodations make it easy to unwind after a day on the water.

Planning Tip: The best months for surfing on Sri Lanka’s east coast are from April to October, with offerings suitable for all levels of surfers.

With something for everyone, Sri Lanka promises an unforgettable experience filled with culture, stunning landscapes, and warm hospitality.