Top 25 Activities and Attractions in Debrecen, Hungary

Debrecen is Hungary’s second largest city, often referred to as the Capital of the Great Hungarian Plain. While it may seem somewhat distant from Budapest, the journey is undoubtedly worthwhile to experience a distinctive perspective of Hungary.

The city is also known as the Calvinist Rome, owing to its strong associations with this religious tradition. Although English speakers may be less common than in the capital, visitors will undoubtedly appreciate the warmth and hospitality of the inhabitants of Debrecen.

Let’s explore the top attractions in Debrecen:

1. Great Reformed Church

The Great Church in Debrecen is widely regarded as a symbol of Protestantism in Hungary and stands as the country’s most significant Protestant edifice.

Constructed in the early 19th century, its neoclassical design is instantly recognizable.

Later, Baroque elements were introduced to the towers’ roofs.

Visitors have the opportunity to ascend the West Tower (210 steps!) for a breathtaking view of the city. The Rákóczi Bell, housed in the tower, is the largest bell in Hungary.

2. Hortobágyi National Park

Debrecen serves as an excellent base for exploring Hortobágyi National Park, one of the largest national parks in Hungary.

The park is renowned for its rich cultural heritage and deep agricultural traditions.

Visitors often come to learn about the evolution of farming in Hungary and to experience traditional ways of life.

Within the park, rare breeds continue to be raised, and various wildlife and plant species can be observed.

A small population of rare, semi-wild Przewalski Horses is also monitored for conservation initiatives.

3. Nagyerdei Water Tower

The Nagyerdei Water Tower, a historic emblem of the region’s industrial past, has been revitalized through innovative renovation completed in 2015, repurposing the structure.

The area beneath the tower now functions as a bar, restaurant, and exhibition space, and hosts concert programs.

The central pillar has been transformed into a cylindrical climbing wall featuring hundreds of holds.

Visitors can also ascend the stairs to the top for stunning panoramic views of the surroundings.

4. Flower Carnival

The Flower Carnival has been a staple in the city since 1966, developing into one of Hungary’s premier non-musical festivals.

Every August, the city transforms into a vibrant spectacle, adorned with floral displays at nearly every corner.

In addition to experiencing breathtaking flower arrangements, attendees can enjoy Hungarian art, dance, music, and various performances.

5. Déri Museum

The Déri Museum, located in an impressive neo-baroque building in the city center, features one of the finest collections of cultural and historical artifacts in Hungary.

Two notable pieces include Calvary and Ecce Homo, elements of the Christ Trilogy by Mihály Munkácsy.

Outside the museum, visitors can view four renowned statues by sculptor Ferenc Medgyessy, who received the Grand Prize at the 1937 World Exhibition in Paris for these works.

The museum also hosts exhibitions documenting the city’s history and showcasing local bird species.

6. Ferenc Medgyessy Memorial Museum

For those captivated by the bronze sculptures flanking the Déri Museum’s entrance, the Ferenc Medgyessy Memorial Museum is an intriguing visit. Located in a historic burgher house near the city center, the museum was inaugurated to commemorate the artist’s centennial.

It offers visitors insight into Medgyessy’s life and oeuvre.

7. Aquaticum Mediterranean Pleasure Baths

The Aquaticum baths are among the most favored facilities in the city, differentiating themselves from the more traditional thermal baths found across Hungary.

The domed area is adorned with tropical plants, creating a perpetual summer ambiance.

Featuring adventure segments for children, like a wave pool and water slides, there are also numerous relaxation options for adults, such as Jacuzzis, massage jets, and a cave bath.

Spa and wellness services are offered at an additional fee.

8. The White Rose of the Revolution

This poignant monument, positioned in front of the University Reformed Church, memorializes the 1956 revolution attempt and honors those who perished during this tumultuous struggle.

The revolution sought to liberate Hungary from Soviet dominance, although it was ultimately suppressed by Soviet forces.

The sculpture was designed by Miklós Melocco, who is affiliated with the Hungarian Academy of Arts.

9. University Botanical Gardens

The Botanical Gardens boast an extensive collection of native and exotic flora from across Hungary and beyond.

Visitors can meander through approximately 8 hectares of landscaped gardens, greenhouses, decorative elements, and natural woodlands.

Approximately 2 hectares of these gardens are part of the ancient Nagyerdő oak forest. Additionally, one greenhouse features the most diverse collection of succulent plants in Central and Eastern Europe.

The gardens are accessible year-round, though they close earlier during winter.

10. Flower Clock

Unveiled in 2009 to commemorate the 500th anniversary of Jean Calvin’s birthday, the Flower Clock also marked the upcoming Debrecen Flower Carnival.

The clock’s hands are adorned with phoenix wings, symbolizing Debrecen.

The site of the sundial now occupies the location of the residence of Ferenc Kölcsey, author of the lyrics for the Hungarian national anthem.

11. Hajdu Folk Ensemble

The Folk Ensemble in Debrecen has operated since 1953, originating within the Kölcsey Cultural Center.

Comprising seven amateur groups with a total of 400 members, the ensemble includes participants as young as six years old.

They perform approximately 60 times a year, showcasing a repertoire that encompasses both traditional and original pieces.

Moreover, they represent unique folk styles from various Hungarian-speaking regions across Europe.

Attending a performance by this Folk Ensemble provides valuable insight into the cultural traditions of the Hungarian people.

12. Lake Fancsika

This lake, positioned just outside Debrecen, is a notable destination for sport fishing.

The lake hosts several species, though most anglers seek to catch local carp.

Adjacent to the lake, visitors can find a log castle, a children’s playground, and ample green space, allowing family members to enjoy their time while waiting for a catch.

13. Reformed College

The Reformed College has been in operation for over 450 years, playing a crucial role in shaping national decisions.

Notably, in 1849, the Declaration of Independence was adopted here, which sought to remove the Habsburg dynasty from power.

Some of Hungary’s most prominent academic, literary, and political figures are associated with the College.

A memorial museum on site details the college’s history and religious art of Hungary.

14. St. Anna’s Cathedral

Despite the strong influence of the Reformed Church in Debrecen’s religious history, the presence of a significant Catholic cathedral may surprise some visitors.

This impressive cathedral stands out even more considering that the Catholic population was historically very low, almost leading to the faith’s decline in the area.

An exhibition detailing the history of Catholicism in Debrecen is available within the church.

A replica of the Turin Shroud is also displayed inside the church.

15. Lake Vekeri

Located approximately 13 km from the city center of Debrecen, this lake is an ideal retreat for those seeking to escape urban life.

The lake attracts many fishermen, who can purchase permits from the river keeper if they wish to fish.

Rowboats are also available for rent, and horseback riding along the shore is a popular activity for locals during summer months.

A small music festival is held at the lake each summer.

For those wanting to stay for a few days, a well-known campsite exists on the lake’s shore.

16. Nine-holed Bridge

The nine-holed bridge in Hortobágy National Park serves as an iconic representation of the park and its surroundings.

Constructed between 1827 and 1833 in a classical style, this arched stone bridge was once the longest of its kind in historic Hungary, featuring nine arches that stretch approximately 168 meters.

Each end of the bridge is wider than its center, facilitating herdsmen in guiding their animals safely across.

17. Kossuth Square

Kossuth Square ranks among the principal squares in Debrecen, frequently hosting public events, from the City Christmas Tree every December to gastronomic festivals in the summer.

The square features an impressive statue and memorial dedicated to Lajos Kossuth, an influential figure during Hungary’s 1848 Revolution.

18. Tanner’s House

The Tanner’s House in Debrecen serves as a notable memorial to the city’s traditional craft and manufacturing history.

The house hosts exhibitions covering a variety of crafts and trades with longstanding roots in the region.

Included are dressmaking, bone-lace making, fabric dyeing, embroidery, pottery, and traditional Hungarian szűrrátét, which is an appliqué design on felt cloaks.

In addition to displays, visual workshops allow visitors to observe the intricacies of these trades.

19. Kerekestelep Baths

This spa and swimming pool facility offers guests a serene spa atmosphere set within a natural environment.

Two primary thermal pools, reaching temperatures up to 43°C, and a cold swimming pool of variable depths are available for visitors.

Framed by lush greenery, these pools provide a great escape during summer, with additional amenities including tennis courts, campsites, and a restaurant, attracting many for a relaxing getaway.

20. Debrecen Zoopark

This zoo and amusement park, spanning 17 hectares, hosts more than 1500 specimens from 165 different species.

Visitors can observe a diverse range of animals from around the globe, alongside native Hungarian species.

Highlighting any visit is a trip to the butterfly house, featuring some of the most colorful insects worldwide.

After exploring the zoo, you can unwind in the amusement park area, which offers various rides and entertainments, including a bumper car rink.

21. Csokonai Theatre

The Csokonai Theatre is a magnificent cultural venue located in the city center.

Built in the 19th century, it has hosted various performance types over the years.

Foreign visitors, particularly those who do not speak Hungarian, may find operatic performances particularly appealing, as these are typically presented in their original language.

22. Debreceni VSC

Since the dawn of the 21st century, Debrecen’s football team has been establishing its legacy, having won the Hungarian championship eight times and placed second or third an additional three times.

Though the team has yet to advance past the group stage in the UEFA Champions League, they remain a well-known presence on the European football scene.

Tickets for home games are affordable and provide great value; it is advisable to check for fixtures during your visit to Debrecen.

23. Irinyi House

The Irinyi House, where János Irinyi resided from 1872 to 1892, is noted for his invention of the non-explosive match.

Initially involved in politics, he managed munitions and explosives to support Hungary in its conflicts during that era.

After a stint in prison, he reverted to his chemistry endeavors and is recognized among Hungary’s most notable chemists.

24. Reformed Small Church

The Reformed Small Church was erected in the 17th century; however, significant portions of the original structure were damaged by a fire in 1727. Further destruction occurred in 1907 when a major storm devastated the onion-dome that crowned the tower.

This dome was never reconstructed, resulting in the church being colloquially known as the “Truncated Church.” The church is open for visitors from June to September.

25. László Holló Memorial Museum

This museum presents an appealing opportunity for art enthusiasts.

Visitors can view samples of the artist’s works while also gaining insight into his life.

Occasionally, paintings by other artists, including surrealist Ernő Hrabéczy, are displayed here as well.