Top 20 Must-Do Activities in Florence, Italy

Florence is widely recognized as one of the most culturally and historically significant cities globally, renowned for its remarkable architecture and locations of importance. As the capital of the Tuscany region in Italy, Florence has a population of 383,000 and a broader metropolitan area of 1.5 million. This splendid city is situated in central Italy and boasts an extensive rail network providing connectivity to Pisa and Bologna.

In antiquity, Florence served as a Roman city and later evolved into a flourishing medieval commune. It is celebrated as the birthplace of the Renaissance movement and, during the 12th, 15th, and 16th centuries, was among the most vital cities in the world. Notable figures associated with Florence include Machiavelli, Lorenzo Medici, Dante, Michelangelo, Donatello, Galileo, and Raphael.

Presently, tourism is undoubtedly a significant contributor to Florence’s economy, attracting approximately 13 million visitors annually. Beyond tourism, Florence has a robust industrial sector, producing items such as furniture, rubber, chemicals, and food. Industrial areas like Prato-Pistoia have traditionally exported high-quality products, including Vespa scooters. If you seek a cultural experience and wish to view magnificent edifices such as the Duomo, Florence is sure to leave a lasting impression.

Let us delve into the preeminent attractions in Florence:

1. Florence Cathedral

Arguably the most prestigious cathedral in existence, the Duomo, as it is commonly referred to in Florence, is the city’s crowning jewel.

It was originally constructed in 1436; however, the breathtaking façade was not completed until the 19th century.

Situated in the center of the old city, the Duomo is an unmistakable landmark, dominating the skyline amidst the surrounding medieval structures.

The cathedral’s exterior, adorned with white marble and vibrant red, pink, and green polychrome patterns, is truly awe-inspiring.

Additionally, a massive dome crowns the rear of the cathedral, accessible through a series of stairs.

Although the cathedral’s interior is relatively minimalistic in contrast, it conveys a sense of grandeur and possesses several intriguing features, such as the large clock face and the breathtaking Last Judgement fresco that graces the underside of the dome.

2. Giotto’s Campanile

Many individuals mistakenly believe Giotto’s Campanile is part of the Duomo; however, it is an independent structure.

This tower is a stunning example of Gothic architecture and is among the finest designs in the city.

Divided into five distinct levels, the tower’s exterior showcases polychrome marble decorations that echo those of the Duomo, featuring brilliant green and pink colors.

Constructed between 1334 and 1359, the project was initiated by the illustrious artist Giotto, although it was completed by Talenti who finished the upper tiers following Giotto’s death in 1343. The tower is adorned with a multitude of sculptures, artworks, and decorated panels, making it a true masterpiece of Renaissance artistry.

In addition to the decorations, visitors can ascend the 414 steps of the tower for spectacular vistas of Florence and the Duomo.

3. Palazzo Vecchio

While the Duomo stands as the preeminent religious edifice, the Palazzo Vecchio serves as the primary administrative building in Florence.

This structure was formerly the residence of the Signoria of the Republic of Florence and later functioned as a town hall.

Originally constructed in 1299, the Palazzo was designed by architects who also worked on the Duomo and the Church of Santa Croce.

With a square design and crenellated parapets, the building resembles a fortress; it also boasts a prominent bell tower.

The front façade features a series of coats of arms representing various families and significant figures in the city’s history.

The palace’s interior is equally splendid, showcasing a series of elaborately decorated rooms, including The Hercules Room and The Room of Cybele.

4. Ponte Vecchio

Florence is replete with iconic structures, and the Ponte Vecchio stands out as a notably ancient bridge.

Spanning the Arno River, the Vecchio Bridge is famous for the shops built into its sides, its decorated history, and the bustling businesses that line the main walkway.

Historical records suggest the bridge dates back to as early as 996, although its exact origins remain uncertain.

Stroll along this remarkable structure to explore various shops and vendors, including jewelers, art dealers, and souvenir stores.

When reaching the midpoint, the bridge opens, offering stunning views down the Arno River.

In addition to walking along the bridge, one can also traverse the Corridoio Vasariano to admire the exterior of the Ponte Vecchio and its splendid house-like cantilevers.

5. Basilica of Santa Croce

While the Cathedral of Florence boasts immense size, the Basilica of Santa Croce is truly beautiful and inviting.

Constructed around the same time as the Duomo, it features a façade comprising pink, green, and red marble polychrome panels contrasted with polished white stone.

Situated in the Piazza di Santa Croce, the Basilica occupies a central position, framing the square perfectly.

Beyond the stunning exterior, the interior houses the tombs of some of the most influential Renaissance artists and scholars, including Galileo, Michelangelo, and Machiavelli.

6. Baptistery of St. John

Completing the trio of structures associated with the Cathedral of Florence, the Baptistery sits directly in front of the Duomo’s main façade and is entirely separate.

As one of the oldest buildings in the city, the Baptistery is revered for its exterior, which features the distinctive “Florentine” design akin to both the Duomo and Giotto’s Campanile.

Particularly noteworthy are the three sets of bronze doors, which depict various religious narratives and human virtues.

Inside, a stunning golden Byzantine-style fresco adorns the ceiling and upper walls, illustrating the Last Judgement and other biblical tales from Genesis.

7. Uffizi Palace and Gallery

Located adjacent to the Piazza della Signoria, the Uffizi Palace and Gallery is a prominent art museum and is considered one of the most significant Italian museums globally.

The building itself is a masterpiece, featuring an inner courtyard adorned with intricate columns and arches embellished with marble sculptures.

Within the museum lies an extensive collection of Renaissance Art by renowned artists such as Botticelli, Da Vinci, Titian, and Raphael.

This remarkable assemblage of Renaissance art is unmatched worldwide, housing exceptional pieces like The Baptism of Christ by Da Vinci, the Adoration of the Magi by Botticelli, and the Sacrifice of Isaac by Caravaggio.

For art and history enthusiasts, the Uffizi Palace offers hours of enriching engagement.

8. Basilica di San Lorenzo

Nestled in close proximity to the Duomo, the Basilica di San Lorenzo was established under the auspices of the powerful Medici family, who governed Florence for many years during the Renaissance period.

While not as grand as the Duomo, this church possesses significant charm with its large dome and distinct terracotta-tiled roof.

The interior showcases an array of beautiful artworks and decorations, including a gilded ceiling and a beautifully adorned dome.

A multitude of frescoes and sculptures frame the dome, presenting a captivating array of patterns and hues.

Moreover, a significant portion of the Medici family is interred here, and their remarkable tombs within the chapel are noteworthy.

9. Piazza della Signoria

Second only to the Piazza del Duomo, the Piazza della Signoria holds equal significance and features an array of buildings and classical artworks.

The square is conveniently located south of the Piazza del Duomo, ensuring easy accessibility owing to its central position.

The primary structure within the Piazza is the magnificent Palazzo Vecchio, complete with its imposing clock tower and splendid statues of David and Hercules.

To the left of the palace lies the delightful fountain of Neptune, while to the right stands the Loggia dei Lanzi, which encompasses several exquisite Renaissance sculptures, including those of Perseus, Menelaus, and Hercules.

Finally, a grand statue of Cosimo Medici is positioned near the fountain of Neptune, with numerous upscale shops lining the square’s edges.

10. Galleria dell’Accademia

Situated near the Piazza del Duomo and the Basilica di San Lorenzo, the Galleria dell’Accademia is a vital museum in Florence.

This unassuming building, easily overlooked, houses masterpieces of Renaissance art, including Michelangelo’s original statue of David.

In addition to this iconic piece, the museum displays other sculptures and works by Michelangelo, organized across several intriguing halls.

Visitors can explore a wealth of historical art and discover significant history related to Florence in the 14th and 15th centuries.

Furthermore, the museum features a collection of musical instruments showcasing a variety of ancient and unique inventions.

11. Palazzo Pitti

Situated on the southern banks of the River Arno, the Palazzo Pitti has served since the 1400s as an exemplary representation of Renaissance architecture.

A grand square graces the front of the palace, beautifully framing its symmetrical façade.

Once the residence of Italian royalty and powerful families, including the Medici, the palace now hosts the largest museum complex in Florence.

Inside, a variety of richly decorated galleries house an impressive collection of Renaissance artworks.

For instance, the Jupiter Room features captivating frescos and the renowned Veiled Lady by Raphael.

Additional well-known artists represented include Titian, Rubens, Caravaggio, and Veronese.

12. Boboli Gardens

Adjacent to the Palazzo Pitti, the Boboli Gardens are expansive and beautifully maintained.

Covering an impressive area of 45,000 square meters, these gardens rank among the largest in Florence and offer a delightful walking experience.

Established in the 16th century, the Boboli Gardens encompass various sections including a principal lawn adorned with a fountain and obelisk, an array of exotic trees, plants, and flowers, as well as several sizable ponds enhanced by water features.

For those seeking respite from the urban hustle, this serene oasis provides an opportunity to enjoy its exquisite designs and natural specimens.

13. Piazzale Michelangelo

This square offers an unparalleled view of Florence and the Cathedral, presenting the best vantage point in the entire city.

Positioned on the southern banks of the River Arno, Piazzale Michelangelo is elevated on a hill close to the Boboli Gardens and the Palazzo Pitti.

A stunning bronze statue of David stands in the center of the square, surrounded by a collection of vendors and artists showcasing their crafts.

The perspective from the square is unrivaled, allowing visitors to behold Florence’s beauty against the backdrop of the Arno River.

For those in pursuit of a memorable photograph, this location is ideal!

14. Church of Santa Maria Novella

Located in front of the main railway station, the Church of Santa Maria Novella is a remarkable structure, designed in a style similar to both the Duomo and the Basilica of Santa Croce—another exemplary representation of Renaissance architecture using polychrome and white marble to produce a compelling façade.

While the exterior and surrounding piazza are magnificent, the interior presents an equally impressive spectacle.

The church comprises a variety of chapels dedicated to notable affluent Florentine families of the Renaissance era.

Richly detailed frescoes adorn the walls and ceilings, and the church displays works from renowned artists such as Botticelli and Ghiberti.

15. San Miniato al Monte

Perched atop a hill across the Arno River, San Miniato al Monte is a charming church distinguished by its impressive façade reminiscent of Florence Cathedral.

Taking the initiative to walk to the church and adjacent monastery rewards visitors with breathtaking views of the historic center of Florence—here, one can admire the awe-inspiring Duomo and Palazzo Vecchio.

Apart from the stunning vistas, the church itself is remarkably striking, featuring a façade adorned with white and green marble.

The interior maintains the splendid decorative theme, showcasing remarkable frescoes, artworks, and marble columns.

Additionally, there exists an extensive collection of ancient artwork along the walls and a funerary monument dedicated to Cardinal James.

16. Piazza del Duomo

Situated in the heart of Florence, the Piazza del Duomo is one of the city’s main squares and showcases exquisite architecture.

This area serves as an excellent starting point for exploring Florence, providing views of the magnificent Florence Cathedral, Giotto’s Campanile, the Baptistery of St. John, and the Loggia del Bigallo.

In addition to the architectural marvels, the square hosts numerous shops, restaurants, and cafés, along with a variety of souvenir stalls and vendors.

As one of the most vibrant and bustling parts of the city, the Piazza del Duomo is an essential destination!

17. Corridoio Vasariano

The Vasari Corridor was originally constructed as a private pathway for Cosimo de Medici, facilitating travel between the Palazzo Pitti and Palazzo Vecchio; high-ranking individuals in Florence during the 1500s often preferred to avoid public exposure.

Beginning at Palazzo Vecchio, the enclosed corridor runs alongside the Arno River, crossing the Ponte Vecchio before continuing on to Palazzo Pitti.

Within the corridor, a collection of artworks and refurbished paintings, previously damaged over time, are on display.

Although the corridor is presently closed for renovations, visitors can still appreciate its architectural elegance and trace its route from beginning to end.

18. Forte di Belvedere

Set within the grounds of the Boboli Gardens, Forte di Belvedere ranks as the second largest fortification in Florence, commanding a notable position on the southern banks of the River Arno.

Constructed in the late 1500s, the fort was designed to showcase the power and wealth of Florence during its time.

Today, visitors can admire the exceptional architecture and design of this Renaissance fortification while appreciating its strategic significance.

Moreover, the charming vantage point offers sweeping views of the city, perfect for breathtaking photographs of the historical scenery.

19. Statue of David

Undoubtedly one of the most famous sculptures in the globe, the Statue of David is an extraordinary piece of Renaissance art crafted by the esteemed Michelangelo.

This statue depicts the biblical figure David, renowned as the first King of Israel, and is celebrated for its remarkable detail and precision in representing the human form.

The original statue resides in the Galleria dell’Accademia, while a replica proudly stands at the entrance of Palazzo Vecchio.

20. Bargello Museum

Another notable museum in Florence, the Bargello Museum showcases a diverse collection of Renaissance sculptures and works of art.

Located a short distance northeast of the Piazza della Signoria, this museum is housed in a structure that formerly served as a castle and fortification during the Middle Ages; visitors can still observe the guard tower and battlements.

The interior boasts a significant collection of noteworthy sculptures, including works by Donatello.

Highlighted pieces include David by Donatello, Bacchus by Michelangelo, and a bust of Christ by Lombardo.