Summary
Small yet impactful, Luxembourg boasts a population of only half a million while hosting one of the most advanced economies globally. Several major European Union organizations are operated from Luxembourg City. The country shares borders with Germany, France, and Belgium and is governed by a Grand Duke, establishing it as the world’s last Grand Duchy. Luxembourg recognizes three official languages (Luxembourgish, French, and German), and its culture represents a rich blend of Germanic and Romance influences. Renowned for its wealth, the country also possesses a deep medieval heritage. The central area of the nation has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage site, and each region offers an array of surprises for visitors.
Let us examine the most remarkable destinations to explore in Luxembourg:
1. Echternach
This charming town located near the German border stands as the oldest in Luxembourg. It serves as an ideal base for exploring the area, characterized by a relaxed “idle afternoon stroll” ambiance. Consider staying here if you have an interest in hiking in Mullertal or cycling along the River Sure.
For the past five centuries, pilgrims have gathered every Whit Tuesday for a dancing procession honoring the town’s founder, St. Willibrord. If you plan to visit in May and June, partake in the International Music Festival, and throughout the year, explore the Prehistory Museum, the Basilica, and the recently uncovered Roman villa.
2. Vianden
Vianden, another picturesque town located on the German border along the River Our, is known for its striking old-world charm and the majestic Vianden Castle that towers above the river. Constructed between the 11th and 14th centuries, this castle served as an important residence for Luxembourg royalty for centuries before falling into disrepair. Restoration efforts have been ongoing since the 1970s, and it now offers some of the best photographic opportunities in the country.
A delightful restaurant situated above the castle, accessible solely by chair lift, provides the best views of Vianden and the surrounding mountains. Additionally, do not miss the Victor Hugo museum located in the residence where he once resided.
3. Diekirch
Diekirch, named after the nation’s most popular beer, is a destination cherished by visitors for its vibrant local culture. Positioned in the North along the River Sure, the stunning mountains that envelop Diekirch create breathtaking views at every turn.
Explore the pedestrian zone for shopping, cafes, and public concerts, and venture to the old quarter to view St. Laurentius Church and other historical residences. Noteworthy museums include the National Museum of Historical Vehicles, a beer museum, and the National Museum of Military History, which features a comprehensive exhibit on the Battle of the Bulge.
This location is also suitable for nature enthusiasts. Opportunities for cycling, hiking, kayaking, or fishing abound.
4. Beaufort
The quaint and charming town of Beaufort is primarily recognized for its castle, situated across the valley from the center of town. Originally constructed as a Roman camp, the castle was expanded over time but has yet to fully recover from the WWII Battle of the Ardennes.
Visitors can explore various levels and sections of the castle, albeit with little in the way of decor. Afterward, enjoy an afternoon of cycling or hiking along several picturesque trails.
5. City of Luxembourg
The capital city, a UNESCO World Heritage site, functions as a major financial hub for much of Europe. You will want to allocate ample time to explore the old town, visiting landmarks such as the Grand Ducal Palace, the Cathedral of Notre Dame, Place d’Armes, Adolphe Bridge, and the underground fortifications commonly referred to as the casemates.
However, it is not solely the historic beauty that captivates visitors; Luxembourg City embodies a modern and cosmopolitan essence, adept in harmonizing its historical roots with contemporary advancements. A prime example is the Luxembourg fortress, which has undergone numerous transformations over the centuries, now showcasing the epitome of European culture.
6. The Moselle Valley
Extending over 42 kilometers from Wasserbillig to Schengen, the Moselle Valley features a river framed by quaint villages, vineyards, and wine cooperatives. Schengen, notable for the EU agreement facilitating seamless cross-border travel, has attracted wine enthusiasts for generations.
Each village within the valley possesses its unique character and is home to fine dining establishments and a serene atmosphere that may make you wish to linger longer. Key villages include Remerschen, Remich, Greiveldange, Ehen, and Machtum. Known locally as d’Musel, the valley is adorned with remarkable fruit orchards, themed hikes (such as the wine route), water sports, and tranquil cruises, intertwined with traces of medieval history.
7. Mullerthal
This area of Luxembourg is often referred to as Little Switzerland due to its picturesque hilly green landscape. The most prominent feature is its distinct rock formations, which are difficult to articulate but unforgettable once witnessed. Echternach is the primary city within the region, but numerous reasons exist to venture further afield.
Celebrated for its exquisite cuisine, highlighting honey, liqueurs, and cheese, Mullerthal’s restaurants offer refined culinary experiences—particularly in the Lower Sure valley. For seasoned hikers, the Mullerthal Trail covers 112 kilometers of fields, forests, and rock formations, while beginners will find plenty of relatively simple hikes leading to awe-inspiring viewpoints.
8. The Ardennes
For an extraordinary experience in nature, direct your path towards the Ardennes. With its meandering valleys and scenic highlands, numerous hiking and cycling trails await, allowing exploration of the forests and villages nestled within the nature parks. It is no surprise that some of the best-preserved medieval ruins in Luxembourg reside here. Expect to find everything from medieval reenactments, traditional markets, and outdoor performances to transport you back in time.
Within the Ardennes, two nature parks, Naturpark Öewersauer and Our, offer distinct attractions in their own right. For those seeking adventures, consider trying Nordic walking along the Sûre or the Alzette rivers.
9. The Nature Park Our
Established in 2005 within the Ardennes framework, Nature Park Our merits its distinction as a premier tourist destination. Shaped by the sinuous Our River, the park spans 309 square kilometers, alternating between deep valleys and elevated plateaus. The creators of this nature park prioritize socio-cultural and economic advancements, all while safeguarding natural resources and honoring cultural heritage.
Be sure to explore the photographic exhibitions at Clervaux Castle, the mining museum in Stolzembourg, or the “Jardins à suivre” Festival. Visitors have the opportunity to purchase local agricultural products directly from farmers, thus benefiting both the local economy and the environment.
10. Larochette
Perfectly positioned in the heart of Luxembourg, Larochette serves as an excellent base for your entire exploration of the Grand Duchy. Nestled between two rivers, the village’s slate-roofed homes create a striking contrast against the cliff-top ruins of a medieval castle.
If you choose Larochette as your home base, be sure to discover its delightful cafes and fine dining establishments. You will appreciate returning to Larochette after a day spent exploring the diverse regions and attractions nearby.
11. Bourglinster
As you travel to Larochette, a stop at Bourglinster and its 18th-century castle presents an excellent opportunity for a meal or a coffee. The castle occupies the site of an older 12th-century fortress. Visitors can find exhibitions and occasionally performances within its walls.
The side wings house two exceptional dining venues, La Distillerie and Brasserie Côte Cour, both of which boast an enchanting ambiance and decor that complements the castle, alongside exquisite cuisine.
12. The Land of the Red Rocks
This area derives its name from the red ore that fueled Luxembourg’s industrial success. Known to locals as Terres Rouges, the region now melds modern technology with traditional practices to meet the country’s current industrial demands.
The dynamic cities of Differdange, Esch-sur-Alzette, and Dudelange form the heart of Terres Rouges. Each city offers an abundance of cultural experiences, encompassing rock festivals, street theatre, and various concerts. A visit to Rockhal will enlighten you on how Luxembourgers have transformed this area, thus reshaping the nation.
If traveling with family, be sure to visit Parc Merveilleux in Bettembourg, where children can delight in the monkeys, crocodiles, parrots, and other animals featured in the park.
13. Rumelange
Situated within the Land of the Red Rocks, the historic mining town of Rumelange deserves its distinction. The highlight here is the National Mine Museum, which is widely regarded as a top tourist attraction globally. The museum offers guided tours through the ancient mine tunnels, accessible via a ride on an old mining train.
The town is nestled in the Kayl Valley forest, boasting numerous trails ideal for hiking or cycling enthusiasts.
14. The Nature Park of the Upper Sûre
Referred to as Luxembourg’s “water area,” Naturpark Upper Sûre encompasses a 380-hectare lake and epitomizes sustainable tourism. The park received the EDEN Prize in 2010 for its dedication to merging tourism, culture, social and economic growth with environmental conservation.
If relaxation is what you seek, this largely unspoiled landscape is your ideal destination. You may choose to follow a themed itinerary or explore at your leisure. Most leisure activities emphasize the region’s heritage, culture, and natural features.
15. Western Luxembourg
If you intend to drive during your Luxembourg adventure and are contemplating which routes to take, you must include the Eisch Valley of Western Luxembourg. Stretching from the town of Arlon to Ettelbrück, this leg of your journey offers one of the most tranquil drives imaginable as you weave through vibrant forests.
Along the way, you will encounter numerous castles—some majestic ruins and others resembling mansion-like châteaux. Be sure to stop in Ansemborg to view its castle from the stunning formal gardens, and for those who appreciate a good moat, the medieval castle at Hollenfels is a must-see.
