Best Things to Do in Livorno, Italy

Although not the most populous city, Livorno is among the most significant locations in Italy, serving as the capital of the Province of Livorno. The city’s primary economic driver is its extensive port, which ranks as the third largest in the country. This port accommodates numerous cruise ships, allowing guests to embark on unique adventures across mainland Italy.

The Livorno region has exhibited evidence of human habitation dating back to the Neolithic period, and its coastal positioning in central Italy has ensured its prominence throughout history. During the Renaissance, under the governance of the Medici family, Livorno was fortified, featuring numerous towers, forts, and city walls to bolster its defenses. Many of these defensive structures remain intact, allowing visitors to appreciate the pentagonal layout of the historical city center.

As time has progressed, the city has expanded, offering a delightful juxtaposition of the old and new, alongside the industrial character of the port. While many travelers transit through Livorno en route to Pisa, it is, in its own right, an excellent destination that boasts an array of historical sites and picturesque coastlines awaiting exploration.

1. Fortezza Nuova

Built in the mid to late 1500s, the Fortezza Nuova served as an enhancement to Livorno’s fortifications, complementing the old fort. Characterized by its distinct pentagonal design and pointed battlements, this formidable structure is surrounded by a canal.

Much of the fort’s defensive architecture remains well-preserved, including the gun ports, while the central area features a beautiful garden and grounds. Visitors can stroll through the grounds, examine several passages within the fort, and traverse the battlements for breathtaking views of the canals and city.

2. Livorno Port

Livorno’s port is an awe-inspiring and significant location, recognized as one of the busiest and most productive ports in Italy. Extending from the serene harbor at the Livorno Aquarium to the canal mouth that ultimately meets the Arno River, the port encompasses both commercial shipping and recreational cruise terminals.

Exploring this vast port provides an intriguing look into its operations, along with the opportunity to observe colossal cruise ships as they dock and disembark thousands of eager passengers.

3. Nuova Venezia

The vicinity surrounding the Fortezza Nuova is affectionately referred to as Nuova Venezia (New Venice) due to the multitude of canals that traverse the area. Commencing at the Scali delle Ancore, one can meander around the central canal and across the bridge on Via della Venezia, where splendid views of the waterways and small sailing vessels can be appreciated.

Continuing towards the Scali del Reugio, visitors can admire the striking Chiesa di Santa Caterina before proceeding to the Fortezza Nuova. This entire area is rich in charm and offers a truly enchanting experience to explore.

4. Via Grande

This prominent thoroughfare stretches from the roundabout adjacent to the port to the impressive Piazza della Repubblica. Along this route, visitors can discover a variety of shops, restaurants, and notable edifices.

Situated at the western extremity of Via Grande is the Monumento dei Quattro Mori, while the central Piazza Grande houses the Cattedrale di San Francesco. Serving as the heart of Livorno, Via Grande presents an ideal starting point for exploring the city center.

5. Terrazza Mascagni

Owing to Livorno’s coastal location, the city boasts several promenades that provide exceptional coastal vistas. Terrazza Mascagni is one such location, favored by both residents and visitors alike.

Situated south of Livorno’s main commercial port, the terrace extends into the sea, featuring a beautifully paved walkway that winds for approximately 500 meters. The Livorno Aquarium and several shaded areas adorned with trees and a charming pavilion can also be found here. Terrazza Mascagni is the perfect location to witness the sunset and enjoy a leisurely evening stroll.

6. Via Italia

For stunning sea vistas and refreshing ocean air, Via Italia is an exceptional spot for a morning walk. Encompassing the area from the port’s outset to Parco Bartolini, this road showcases breathtaking coastal scenery and offers glimpses into the Ligurian Sea while appreciating Livorno’s architectural beauty.

The most picturesque segment is near the Ardenza Harbour, where visitors encounter small fishing vessels and the captivating landscaped area of Parco Bartolini. Along the journey, numerous bars and restaurants serve delightful Italian cuisine.

7. Mercato Centrale

For those seeking an authentic taste of local life, Mercato Centrale is an ideal destination. Located on Scali Aurelio Staffi, this vast building stands out amid its surroundings, housing a myriad of market stalls.

The sights, sounds, and aromas are simply enchanting, encouraging you to immerse yourself in the vibrant atmosphere. Within, one can find 34 shops and over 200 diverse stalls selling an array of products, including meats, poultry, eggs, ham, cheese, bread, and wine. Additionally, an outdoor area offers clothing, accessories, and various locally sourced items.

8. Piazza della Repubblica

Livorno is home to several impressive historical squares, with Piazza della Repubblica being the most magnificent. This expansive square is located at the edge of the Fortezza Nuova canal, running parallel to Via Giuseppe Garibaldi.

Shaped like a large oval, the square is flanked by two ornate marble statues while surrounding buildings display a captivating assortment of colors and architectural styles. Several art galleries are situated within the square, along with a variety of restaurants and seating areas, making it an excellent location to relax and appreciate the cultural ambiance.

9. Day Trip to Pisa

Pisa is a significant reason for many travelers visiting Livorno, often serving as a point of access to this renowned city and, subsequently, Florence. While Livorno is an exceptional tourist destination in its own right, Pisa offers wonderful opportunities for day trips. Few can resist the chance to see the iconic Leaning Tower of Pisa. Beyond the famous Campanile, the Piazza dei Miracoli is enriched with historical structures, including the Pisa Baptistery and the Pisa Cathedral.

Other attractions such as the Museo dell’Opera del Duomo, Museo Nazionale, and Palazzo dei Cavalieri are equally fascinating and provide insightful perspectives into Pisa’s history.

10. Museo Civico

Housed within the historical Villa Mimbelli and surrounded by splendid gardens, the Museo Civico was inaugurated in 1994 and features a rich collection of art and artifacts. Divided into three distinct floors, the museum showcases works by prominent artists, including Giovanni Fattori and other members of the Macchiaiolo school.

Comprising several centuries of history, the collection provides a compelling insight into diverse artistic styles and painting techniques, making it a must-visit for art enthusiasts.

11. Meloria Islands

Situated approximately 6.1 kilometers off Livorno’s western coastline, the Meloria Islands consist of a series of rocky formations hosting intriguing structures. Designated as a protected reserve since 2010, this area is popular for swimming, diving, and relaxation in the Ligurian Sea.

The two small islands each feature a noteworthy structure: a modern lighthouse on the southern island and an ancient tower dating back to the 1500s on the northern island. Rent a boat from Livorno’s port to sail to these islands, where you can sunbathe on the rocks or partake in scuba diving in the clear, relatively shallow waters.

12. Chiesa di San Ferdinando

Among Livorno’s remarkable churches, Chiesa di San Ferdinando stands out as a noteworthy example of Baroque architecture. Located on Via della Venezia near both the port and historical Nuova Venezia, the church is characterized by its austere exterior and an unfinished façade.

In stark contrast, the interior showcases exquisite Baroque décor, featuring an intricately detailed central basilica adorned with stunning artworks, stucco embellishments along the columns and arches, and a beautifully patterned marble floor. The central altar is resplendent with numerous sculptures and religious reliefs.

13. Fortezza Vecchia

Commonly known as the Old Fort, this impressive structure was constructed by Antonio da Sangallo for the Medici family in the early 1500s. Positioned in the port and harbor region of Livorno, alongside Fortezza Nuova, this fortification has served as a testament to the city’s historical power for centuries.

Visitors can explore the fort and its grounds, with the battlements and towers offering spectacular views of the port and harbor. Additionally, within the grounds lies the modest yet beautiful Church of San Francesco, added in subsequent years.

14. Montenero Funicular Railway

Located to the south of Livorno lies the quaint town of Montenero, which ascends the verdant hills. Here, a delightful funicular railway operates, coiling approximately 500 meters to the exquisite Santuario della Madonna della Grazie.

This religious sanctuary features remarkable architecture and grants fantastic panoramic views of the coastline. In addition, several restaurants, bars, and market stalls, accompanied by charming buildings, enrich the area. Montenero offers a tranquil escape from the bustling tourist pathways, providing a glimpse into a traditional Italian town in all its splendor.

15. Calafuria Coast

Approximately 25 to 30 minutes south of Livorno, along the SS1 highway, lies the charming coastal town of Calafuria. While Calafuria itself may not offer extensive attractions other than a few campsites and beach resorts, it is famed for its remarkable coastline, filled with delightful rocky alcoves and secluded beaches.

By parking near the old Torre di Calafuria, visitors can navigate down to the rocks and begin their exploration. Locals often travel from Livorno to unwind here, finding tranquility amidst the tourists. The scenery is breathtaking, with pristine rock pools and stunning coastal stretches.