Top 15 Activities and Attractions in Leiden, Netherlands

Leiden, also referred to as Leyden, is one of the largest urban centers in the region of South Holland. Its metropolitan area, which encompasses Oegstgeest, Leiderdorp, and Vooschoten, boasts a population of approximately 206,000 residents. The city is situated along a branch of the Rhine delta known as the Oude Rijn or Old Rhine. Since the late 1500s, Leiden has established itself as a significant university town.

The historical roots of Leiden can be traced back to the 1400s, during which time the settlement prospered, evolving into a hub of commerce and culture, largely due to its weaving industry and subsequently its esteemed university. Currently, Leiden is recognized as a pivotal educational center and trade hub, featuring a wealth of historical architecture and a multitude of attractions, making it one of the foremost tourism destinations in South Holland.

Let us explore the top attractions in Leiden:

1. De Valk Windmill Museum

Windmills have played a significant role in the economic history of Leiden, and the De Valk Museum effectively showcases this heritage.

Prominently located in the historic city center, this windmill and museum have become iconic representations of the city.

Established in 1611, the windmill has undergone numerous modifications and restorations, functioning as a museum since 1996.

The museum provides valuable insights into the mechanics of windmills, alongside the extensive historical account of this particular structure.

Visitors can also relish splendid views of the city from the circular observation platform situated at the base of the tower.

2. Leiden Museum of Natural History

This esteemed museum is strategically positioned on the edge of the city center, ensuring ease of accessibility.

Inside, visitors will find a remarkable exhibit of natural history, housing Europe’s only T-Rex skeleton. In addition to this noteworthy display, a broad range of geological collections, along with diverse botanical and entomological specimens, can be explored.

The museum is home to one of the world’s most extensive collections, containing over 37 million specimens.

Admire the impressive skeleton of a mammoth, along with other prehistoric creatures, and marvel at the fossil displays that illustrate the evolution of life as we understand it.

3. Leiden Botanical Gardens

As the oldest botanical gardens in the Netherlands, the Hortus Botanicus is a distinguished establishment and a true haven for nature enthusiasts.

Adjacent to the university, the gardens have had a presence since the 1500s and have transformed into a vast collection of flora, trees, and various natural artifacts.

The gardens encompass several greenhouses exhibiting subtropical plants and form one of the largest orchid collections globally.

Among its attractions are a picturesque Japanese Garden, numerous fern species, and a well-populated orangery.

4. Burcht van Leiden

Situated near the Pieterskerk and Hooglandse Kerk, Burcht van Leiden occupies a central position within the city and ranks among its most renowned landmarks.

This fortress, constructed atop an ancient Motte, is located where the Rhine, Oude Rijn, and Nieuwe Rijn converge.

Dating back to the 11th century, visitors can still view the original outer gate that once secured the fortification.

While historically used as a residence and military keep, it currently serves as a public park.

Guests can walk along the battlements, capture photographs, and enjoy magnificent views from atop the fort overlooking the rivers.

5. Pieterskerk

As one of Leiden’s oldest churches, a structure has occupied the current site of Pieterskerk since the 1100s.

The existing edifice took over 150 years to complete, featuring an intriguing design of stone and brick, complemented by numerous arched windows.

Surrounding the exterior are a series of smaller structures that encircle its semi-circular rear section.

This unique arrangement results in the back of the church being concealed, revealing only its roof.

Within, visitors are greeted by elaborate decorations, a grand organ, and beautiful vaulted ceilings.

The tomb of John Robinson, one of the founders of the congregational church, is also located here.

6. National Museum of Antiquities

Known as the Rijksmuseum van Oudheden, this museum has evolved from a modest university collection into a comprehensive exhibit of ancient history.

Conveniently located next to the Pieterskerk, it is easily reachable when exploring the city center.

Focusing primarily on ancient Egyptian history, the museum boasts impressive artifacts, including sarcophagi, weaponry, and household items.

Other focal points include the ancient Near East, Etruscan civilization, ancient Greece, ancient Rome, and the Prehistoric Netherlands.

This venue is a must-visit for history enthusiasts.

7. Hooglandse Kerk

Another splendid church in the historic center of Leiden, Hooglandse Kerk features a striking Gothic design and an equally remarkable interior.

Originally constructed in the 1300s in wood, it was later remodeled in stone.

Inside the church, the interior is truly memorable and exquisite.

With its white stone arches, narrow and tall stained glass windows, and elevated white vaulted ceilings, the church radiates light and conveys a sense of sanctity.

Visitors can admire the sunlight illuminating the columns and walkways, rendering it a special site to behold.

8. De Zijlpoort

As the finest surviving example of the city’s gatehouses, De Zijlpoort stands prominently in the city center adjacent to the De Haven canal.

Constructed in 1667, two years prior to Morspoort, the design is classical and attributed to architect Willem van der Helm, who also designed the Morspoort gatehouse. The edifice features a large white stone archway and a tall clock tower.

Over time, the building has served various purposes, including a meeting place for poets, a school for underprivileged children, and storage facilities.

As one of only two remaining gatehouses in Leiden, it provides excellent photography opportunities, with the surrounding canals and bridges offering a picturesque backdrop.

9. Explore the Leiden Canal system

Similar to many Dutch cities, Leiden boasts an extensive canal network that has withstood the test of time.

There exists an inherent beauty and charm within the Netherlands’ canal systems, and Leiden’s waterways are no exception.

A singular canal encircles the outer part of the city center, interlinking with numerous waterways to create a stunning network for exploration.

Particularly picturesque sections of the canals can be found near Van der Werfpark, the Botanical Gardens, Ankerpark, and the De Rijn waterway.

It is highly recommended for visitors to dedicate time to wander through the canals, thereby gaining a deeper appreciation for this historical city.

10. Katwijk Aan Zee resort

This delightful coastal resort is situated merely 20 minutes to the west of Leiden, serving as an excellent site for families to appreciate the scenic Dutch west coast.

Divided by the Binnenwatering estuary, the right side features beautiful secluded sand dunes alongside numerous public footpaths ideal for exploration, while the left side comprises the actual town and resort of Katwijk.

A prominent boulevard extends the full length of the town, parallel to the magnificent sandy beach.

Here, one can find a variety of hotels, restaurants, beach bars, and plenty of sandy space for sunbathing or constructing sandcastles.

Although the water may not be the warmest, visitors can still enjoy a refreshing swim if desired!

11. Molen De Put

The second notable windmill in Leiden, Molen De Put is an iconic structure that has stood the test of time.

Conveniently located adjacent to the Morspoort gatehouse, this windmill presents excellent photographic opportunities.

Its inspiring location—situated right on the edge of the canals and separated from surrounding buildings—adds to its charm.

This mill’s origins can be traced back to the 17th century when it was utilized to produce cornflower and baking flour.

As one of Leiden’s iconic landmarks, it is a must-see during your visit.

12. Morspoort

As one of the remnants of the city’s fortifications, Morspoort is a gatehouse situated in the city center near Molen De Put.

Built in 1669 in an elaborate Mannerist style, the gate is constructed of stone and was designed by architect Willem van der Helm.

Adjacent to the gatehouse lies a bridge that exhibits a similar design and embellishments.

Recognized as a monument, this gate served various functions throughout history, including a prison and part of a barracks complex.

Today, visitors can admire this monument in its entirety, while enjoying views of the surrounding canals and Morspoort Bridge.

13. Boat trip from Leiden to Katwijk

For those lacking the means to reach Katwijk but wishing to experience this captivating coastal resort, consider the seasonal water taxi that operates from Leiden. During the summer months, a water taxi runs three times daily on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Sundays, providing a scenic opportunity to admire the beautiful landscapes while learning about the region’s history.

The captain offers insights into the area as you witness the Dutch countryside pass by.

With a duration of approximately one hour and fifteen minutes, this is an excellent method to relax and arrive at Katwijk.

14. Polderpark Cronesteyn

Situated south of Leiden above the busy A4 roadway, Polderpark is a picturesque area of natural beauty that comprises wetlands, canals, forests, and meadows.

On the far side facing the city, a significant canal can be seen, outfitted with a lock and bordering various factories.

Within the park, numerous trails gently weave over water paths and are adorned with charming wooden bridges.

The waters in some places are embellished with vibrant lily pads and aquatic flora, creating a lively and colorful landscape.

15. Corpus Museum

Known as “a journey through the human body,” the Corpus Museum is the first of its kind and opened its doors in 2008. Outside the museum, visitors are greeted by a large statue representing the human form, while the interior offers in-depth vistas of the human anatomy.

A short distance from the city center lies this striking human statue.

Inside the museum, one will discover a tremendous range of interactive exhibits regarding the human body.

Visitors can view 3D videos, scale models, and sculptures, gaining insights into what makes human beings uniquely complex.