Rock Stacking: Exploring the Controversy of Cairns

Rock stacking is one of humanity’s most ancient art forms; however, it has become increasingly contentious in recent years. When exploring trails worldwide, you might encounter gatherings of stones stacked one atop the other, often referred to as cairns. These formations serve various purposes and hold different meanings, but their rising popularity has raised important environmental and ethical questions.

History of Rock Stacking

Cairns date back to our ancestors’ early attempts at building structures. The simple act of stacking stones laid the foundation for shelters and food caches. In Mongolia, cairns marked burial sites, while in Tibet, they played a role in ceremonies for good fortune. Before the advent of modern navigation tools, these significant landmarks helped guide sailors safely past Norway’s treacherous fjords.

While rock stacking has historical significance, today’s trend is increasingly driven by social media. According to Colorado-based rock stacker Michael Grab, known as “Gravity Glue,” the practice exploded between 2014 and 2015, transforming into an international art form. Consequently, individuals began creating precarious rock formations in natural settings, often disregarding environmental guidelines.

The Role of Cairns in Navigation

Some hikers construct cairns to mark trails, particularly in less navigated backcountry areas. A well-placed cairn can save lives; therefore, officials like Michael Larson from the US National Park Service recommend against dismantling them. For example, in Carlsbad Caverns National Park, official cairns help visitors locate trails in remote areas.

Before deciding to remove a cairn, consider its purpose. It may have been built by park rangers for safety and navigation.

Critiques of Rock Stacking

Despite their potential usefulness, there are several arguments against rock stacking. Critics argue that these structures can mislead lost hikers and disrupt local ecosystems. Furthermore, rock stacking is sometimes viewed as culturally insensitive, disregarding the significance these practices may hold for indigenous populations.

On mountain trails, even a few misplaced rocks can cause dangerous cascades, potentially harming others below. Nature photographers often view rock cairns as distracting elements that mar the natural landscape, emphasizing the notion that untouched environments should remain that way.

Know the Regulations

The National Park Service uses cairns for official trail marking; however, they prohibit individuals from creating their own in most parks. Actively building cairns can be considered vandalism and is subject to enforcement. When hiking, it is advisable to check with park rangers regarding local regulations regarding cairns.

Park officials encourage guests to utilize navigation methods such as maps, compasses, or GPS devices alongside any cairns encountered.

The Bottom Line: Is Rock Stacking Harmful?

While rock stacking can offer a therapeutic experience or serve an artistic purpose, its implications for the environment must also be considered. In remote areas, well-placed cairns can save lives, yet one should always adhere to local regulations and avoid stacking rocks in national parks or protected regions.

For those inclined to build cairns, it’s advisable to follow a leave-no-trace policy. As Michael Grab emphasizes, when he finishes stacking, he dismantles his creations to preserve the natural beauty of the surroundings.

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