Ultimate Guide to Planning Your First Trip to Thailand

Thailand remains a highly sought-after travel destination, and for compelling reasons – the plethora of activities and sights available, reasonable costs, and outstanding culinary offerings.

This Southeast Asian nation has consistently attracted travelers since the emergence of backpacking, and with an abundance of locations to explore, many visitors return time and again. However, if this marks your inaugural visit to Thailand, it is prudent to familiarize yourself with what to expect upon arrival.

Initially, it is advisable to avoid overambitious planning – whether your interests lie in Thailand’s stunning beaches, immaculate coral reefs, wildlife-rich national parks, or culturally enriched cities, taking the time to appreciate your surroundings is crucial. An overly packed itinerary may leave you yearning for more.

Moreover, Thailand is navigable for newcomers, as the country exudes genuine hospitality and warmth towards visitors. Before you embark on your journey, let us address the queries that often occupy the minds of first-time travelers to Thailand.

When should I go to Thailand?

Consulting locals would reveal that the ideal period to visit Thailand is during the “winter” months spanning November to February, characterized by dry weather and moderate temperatures. Nonetheless, given Thailand’s warm climate year-round, identifying a less favorable time to visit poses a challenge.

During the winter months in the northern hemisphere, post-monsoon winds alleviate humidity and cool temperatures slightly, with daytime highs typically remaining below 30°C (86°F). Although it may seem unconventional to seek colder months for travel, visiting during this time enhances the overall enjoyment of the tropical environment.

This winter period aligns with Christmas and New Year celebrations, consequently making beaches, bars, and buses more crowded with both local and international tourists. It is prudent to arrange accommodations and transportation well in advance during this peak season. Conversely, this timeframe is considered optimal for activities such as scuba diving and snorkeling.

The Thai “summer,” which extends from March to June, is predominantly dry and more humid, particularly in northern regions, with temperatures frequently soaring to 35°C (95°F). During this season, remaining near the coast or opting for accommodations that feature a pool is advisable.

By April, temperatures may reach up to 40°C (104°F), leading locals to limit outdoor activities. Tourist footfall and prices typically decline, with the notable exception of Songkran, Thailand’s three-day New Year festivities, characterized by nationwide water fights occurring from mid to late April.

The rainy monsoon season generally commences around late June and persists through October; however, it does not guarantee daily rainfall. Towards the monsoon’s conclusion, extended periods of dry, overcast weather may occur. Warm temperatures prevail, eliminating the need for layering. Nevertheless, should you plan to visit Thailand’s islands, remain aware of the possibility of turbulent seas and ferry cancellations that could disrupt strict travel itineraries.

Furthermore, be cautious of the increasingly prevalent “smoky season,” during which haze from agricultural burning sweeps through northern Thailand from January to March, obscuring views and potentially impacting respiratory health (a facemask is advisable).

How much time should I spend in Thailand?

First-time visitors to Thailand may feel inundated with options. It is common for travelers to overload their itineraries with multiple experiences, which can result in a less enjoyable and more stressful journey.

If there is one key recommendation for newcomers, it would be this: avoid attempting to do too much, allowing ample time to discover and savor your surroundings. A duration of seven to ten days is generally advisable; if your schedule is tighter, select a central location such as Bangkok, Krabi, Chiang Mai, or Phuket and concentrate on experiencing local culture and cuisine.

As a prospective visitor, contemplate what you wish to engage with in Thailand and construct your itinerary around those pursuits. Should relaxation on the beach be your goal, focus on southern hubs such as Phuket and Krabi along with their islands. If cultural experiences intrigue you, devote time to the historic cities in central and northern Thailand, making extended stays in Bangkok and Chiang Mai. For hiking and wildlife experiences, journey to the northern regions or plan several days at significant reserves like Khao Sok National Park and Khao Yai National Park.

Your choice of transportation can influence how much ground you can cover. Domestic flights facilitate exploration of both northern and southern regions, although an environmental cost is involved. Conversely, reliance on buses and trains may prolong travel duration across the country; however, overnight options support both efficient transit and cost savings on accommodations.

Do I need a visa to visit Thailand?

Thailand permits tourists from 93 nations to enter without the need for pre-approval of a visa. Most travelers receive a 60-day entry stamp upon arrival, which suffices for the majority of vacationers. Individuals requiring an extended stay can easily leave Thailand and travel overland to neighboring countries such as Malaysia, Cambodia, or Laos before returning to secure a new Thai entry stamp – an effective strategy for those seeking to commence and conclude a more extensive journey throughout Southeast Asia.

The primary international airports in the country include Bangkok’s Suvarnabhumi Airport (serving most long-haul flights) and Don Mueang Airport (catering to many domestic flights and some regional connections), along with Phuket Airport located on the island of Phuket. Regional airports in Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Udon Thani, U-Tapao (serving Rayong and Pattaya), Krabi, Surat Thani, Hat Yai, and Ko Samui also accommodate some international flights from Asia and the Middle East.

Is it easy to get around in Thailand?

Navigating Thailand is straightforward due to swift and frequent public transportation options, as well as a well-defined network of tourist transfer services via air-conditioned minivans. The website 12GoAsia serves as a valuable resource for planning travel from Bangkok to various other cities and provinces.

Although Thailand’s once-esteemed railway system may have diminished, it remains useful for long-distance travel southward or for journeys north from Bangkok to Chiang Mai. The sleeper berths are both comfortable and economical, and trains provide an excellent opportunity to engage with Thai locals.

Government-operated and private coaches reach nearly every destination, day and night, and finding seats is generally uncomplicated. However, the lack of a centralized online booking platform can complicate arrangements. Tickets can be purchased directly at bus stations, acquired online through third-party booking services, or arranged via local travel agencies or accommodations (where the additional fees are typically minimal). Affordable domestic flights link cities throughout Thailand on a daily basis, albeit with environmental considerations involved.

Transport within towns and cities is easily manageable, with an abundance of taxis, tuk-tuks, and various local bus services, including songthaew (shared pickup trucks) extending from urban areas into the rural landscape. Islands can be conveniently accessed via plane, ferry, or chartered longtail boat. Additionally, established tourist minivans connect backpackers at a slightly higher cost than public buses.

In Bangkok, the modern BTS and MRT train systems facilitate exploration of this extensive city. Moreover, the popular ride-hailing application Grab has become a favored choice among both residents and visitors for navigational ease. However, fares may not be substantially lower than traditional taxis.

The best things to do in Thailand

Thailand can be broadly categorized into four distinct regions. The Southern region is home to the majority of the islands and picturesque beaches. The North boasts mountainous landscapes and local tribal villages. The Northeast, bordering Laos, offers exceptional culinary experiences and cultural insights while providing an escape from the tourist crowds. The Central Plains comprise Thailand’s largest urban centers, ancient temples, and some of the nation’s most stunning nature reserves.

Each region possesses its unique cultural identity, encompassing various aspects such as cuisine, language, traditions, and religious practices, yet at their essence, they all reflect quintessential Thai characteristics. Below is a brief overview of each region to assist you in determining where to commence your Thai adventure.

Bangkok

Bangkok functions as the nucleus of Thailand, housing the Thai royal family and ranking among the largest and most bustling capital cities globally. Renowned for its eternal temples, exceptional shopping, record-setting markets, and dynamic nightlife, this city is best explored at a leisurely pace – rushing to see all the premier attractions within a few days often leads to urban fatigue.

This city serves as the initial destination for the majority of tourists, and it can be overwhelming for first-time visitors. Congested traffic, air pollution, the cacophony of vibrant streets, and tropical heat can require a period of adjustment. Some thrive under these bustling conditions, while others quickly seek refuge at the nearest bus or train station to venture to quieter locales.

The optimal way to appreciate Bangkok is from the ground level. Stroll through the Grand Palace and Wat Pho on the historic Ratanakosin Island, visit the popular backpacker destination of Khao San Road, enjoy the mall experience around Siam Square and Thanon Sukhumvit, and relish street food across the city’s vast Chinatown. If your visit coincides with the weekend, be sure to explore Chatuchak Weekend Market, recognized as Thailand’s largest market.

Before your departure, do not miss the opportunity to enjoy a sunset cruise on the Chao Phraya Express Boat – an economical ferry that traverses the river, showcasing significant landmarks such as Wat Arun and the Grand Palace.

The Central Plains

Traveling beyond Bangkok reveals rolling greenery and diminutive towns harboring some of Thailand’s most captivating cultural treasures. The ancient city of Ayutthaya is merely 90 minutes away via train from Bangkok’s Krung Thep Aphiwat Central Terminal, making it an ideal day trip from the bustling capital.

An additional remarkable historical site may be found further north at Sukhothai. Alternatively, venture northeast to explore the dense forests of Thailand’s largest nature reserve, Khao Yai National Park, or travel west to discover wild waterfalls, World War II remnants, and elephant sanctuaries around Kanchanaburi.

Chiang Mai and the North

Chiang Mai serves as the focal point for travelers heading north. Once the capital of the Lanna Kingdom, this city is steeped in history and surrounded by mountains concealing tribal communities that maintain distinct traditions. Farther along, the mountainous areas offer a paradise for adventure enthusiasts, being a central hub for activities ranging from mountain biking and jungle treks to whitewater rafting and ethical elephant tourism.

The adjacent mountain town of Pai emerged as a backpacker haven during the 1980s and has retained its popularity. More family-friendly today, it remains a destination frequented by many first-time backpackers. Travelers with more time should venture deeper into the hills for pristine nature experiences in areas like Nan, Chiang Rai, and Mae Hong Son.

Northeast Thailand

Known colloquially as Isan (pronounced ee-saan), this region ranks as the least visited area in Thailand. The local economy heavily relies on expansive rice paddies, yet for adventurous travelers, it offers abundant discoveries, including some of the nation’s most exquisite cuisine.

This less-ventured area shares a border with Laos and Cambodia, often leading backpackers to explore border towns like Nong Khai and Aranyaprathet as they traverse the region. Sparse transit points provide fascinating detours, such as Khon Kaen, home to a dinosaur museum, Phu Kradeung – a haven for elevated hikes on a cool plateau – and Yasothon, renowned for its famous rocket festival in April.

The Southern Islands

The islands along Thailand’s extensive southern peninsula attract throngs of visitors, flaunting stunning coral reefs, unspoiled beaches, savory seafood, beachside massage huts, and various exhilarating water activities. The rock climbing at Railay near Krabi is internationally acclaimed.

The islands vary significantly, from bustling and highly developed Ko Samui and Phuket to the vibrant full-moon party locale of Ko Pha-Ngan, alongside countless smaller islands featuring beach resorts where tranquility awaits, easily reachable from multiple small harbors along the mainland.

For those seeking respite from the commercialization of the primary islands, consider Ko Lipe in the Tarutao archipelago, where the remnants of the castaway allure that first attracted backpackers to the south are still present. If diving is on your itinerary, Ko Tao in the Gulf of Thailand ranks as one of the most economical destinations globally for certification.

How much money do I need for Thailand?

Expenditures in Thailand can exhibit significant variability. Public transportation is notably affordable, while a single cup of coffee or beer may equate to the cost of an entire meal from a street vendor, and beach resorts range from surprisingly reasonable to exorbitantly priced.

It is important to note, however, that Thailand is no longer the budget-friendly destination it once was. While it remains possible to travel on a budget, the days of dirt-cheap accommodations are largely over. For those on a tighter budget, affordable backpacker lodges are commonplace, albeit with varying quality and prices.

For a more authentic experience, seek out local homestays that often provide superior culinary offerings and a more genuine cultural experience. Furthermore, indulging in Thailand’s delectable street food is an excellent strategy for reducing expenses while enjoying authentic flavors.

Average costs in Thailand

• Hostel room: 300–600B (US$9–18)

• Basic hotel room: 600–1500B (US$18–46)

• Luxury beach villa: 3000–30,000B (US$92–920)

• Interprovincial bus and train tickets: from 200B (US$6)

• A bowl of street food noodles: 60B (US$1.80)

• Thai restaurant meal for two: from 1200B (US$37)

• A bottle of local beer in a bar: around 120B (US$3.70)

• A fresh cup of coffee: from 120B (US$3.70)

• A liter of petrol: 45B (US$1.40)

Is Thailand safe for tourists?

Thailand ranks among the safest nations in Southeast Asia for travelers, although petty crime does occur, as is the case in any country. The nation’s open and hospitable culture fosters a willingness among its citizens to assist in the rare instances something may go awry.

That said, road safety warrants attention; thus, caution is advised, particularly when traveling by scooter or motorcycle. Furthermore, it is advisable to stay informed via local media about any political unrest – Thailand has a historical context of (mostly peaceful) uprisings and coups. Due to an ongoing insurgency in the southern provinces, many travelers choose to avoid Yala, Pattani, and Narathiwat where political violence poses potential risks.

Scams tend to be more of an inconvenience than a significant threat – unscrupulous operators sometimes lead tourists to commission-based hotels, shops, and travel services, while tuk-tuk drivers may engage in unsolicited detours seeking commissions. The visibility of the sex industry is high, yet it can be easily circumvented by steering clear of unsavory districts.

Is Thai street food safe to eat?

The majority of street food in Thailand is prepared fresh upon order, and food served piping hot typically poses no safety concerns. Conversely, pre-cooked offerings left unrefrigerated can carry higher risks; hence, it is crucial to exercise discernment regarding the cleanliness of street vendors.

Although food poisoning is uncommon, new arrivals might experience mild stomach discomfort as their systems adapt to local bacteria, particularly if exposed to undercooked meats, poultry, or seafood prepared under subpar hygiene standards. Much like eateries, street vendors thrive on positive reviews and customer satisfaction, so patronize stalls frequented by local clientele.

What should I know about Thai culture before I visit?

Thailand possesses a rich cultural heritage, yet its citizens generally exhibit high levels of tolerance and accommodating attitudes towards foreign visitors who may inadvertently commit social faux pas. However, it is essential to avoid actions that may be construed as disrespectful towards Buddhism or the monarchy, as these could entail severe legal repercussions.

Always demonstrate respect towards representations of the Buddha and the Thai royal family. Refrain from touching individuals on the head, pointing with your feet, stepping over others, or propping your feet on furniture – such practices stem from the belief that the head is the most sacred part of the body while the feet are viewed as unclean. Other conduct to avoid includes public nudity, toplessness (including for men outside of beaches or pools), loud vocalizations, and overt displays of affection.

How can I stay connected in Thailand?

Thailand boasts widespread accessibility to reliable Wi-Fi and 4G/5G networks across nearly the entire nation. Free Wi-Fi is omnipresent in cafes, restaurants, bars, and accommodations, while inexpensive SIM cards can be acquired throughout the country (a passport is necessitated). Affordable mobile internet packages enable connectivity from beaches to jungles.

Is cannabis legal in Thailand?

Electronic cigarettes are prohibited in Thailand, with regulations banning smoking in numerous public locations. Cannabis was decriminalized for recreational use in 2022; however, the government is currently reviewing the prospect of re-criminalizing this substance, meaning that conditions may shift as early as 2025.

It is advisable to obtain current information before engaging in any cannabis-related activities. Thailand maintains stringent regulations regarding all other drugs, with severe penalties for possession and capital punishment for narcotics trafficking across the nation.

This article was initially published on January 14, 2011, and has undergone updates as of October 4, 2024.