Summary
Sri Lanka is a compact island that offers a diverse array of experiences. In a brief visit, travelers can discover ancient cities, relax on palm-fringed beaches, trek through the verdant and misty hill country, and indulge in an assortment of rice and curry dishes.
Moreover, navigating Sri Lanka can become part of the adventure, with its renowned trains transforming transport into a journey of scenic vistas. While self-driving in Sri Lanka may not be advisable, renting a private car with a driver is straightforward and relatively economical, rendering a road trip a convenient method to explore this captivating nation.
This itinerary comprising 7- and 8-day plans emphasizes various segments of the country; however, feel free to extend your stays at specific locations or merge different routes to create a 2- or 3-week travel agenda tailored to your interests.
1. See Sri Lanka’s ancient cities and capitals
Allocate a minimum of 7 days
Distance: 250km (155 miles)
Boasting eight UNESCO World Heritage Sites, four former capitals, and a profusion of atmospheric monastic ruins, rock citadels, formidable stupas, and remarkable Buddhist artwork, the central plains offer a deep dive into Sri Lanka’s fascinating history and its rich Buddhist cultural legacy. Enthusiasts of archaeology and ancient civilizations will find much to appreciate.
Anuradhapura: 2 days
The expansive archaeological site of Anuradhapura, featuring its sacred Bodhi Tree, revered stupas, and archaeological museums can ideally be experienced within two days. Should your time be limited, prioritize a visit to Abhayagiri.
Detour: A half-day trip will lead you to Mihintale, located 13km (8 miles) from the town, where pilgrims gather at the site where Buddhism first flourished in Sri Lanka.
Next stop: Drive 1 hour from Anuradhapura to Ritigala.
Ritigala: 1 day
As you journey from Anuradhapura towards Polonnaruwa, make a stop at the ruined forest monastery of Ritigala. Within an hour, you can navigate the stone stairways, platforms, and meditation halls nestled amongst dripping tree roots. The site is situated 8km (5 miles) from the main road; thus, personal transport is preferable, though tuk tuks are often available at the junction.
Next stop: Drive 90 minutes from Ritigala to Polonnaruwa.
Polonnaruwa: 1 day
More ancient city ruins await at Polonnaruwa, the ancient capital. In half a day, preferably in the early morning, visitors can appreciate the main collection of monasteries, Buddha statues, stupas, and royal palaces; however, additional minor sites can fill an extended day. Ensure to explore the far northern group of sites and allocate an hour for the intriguing archaeological museum.
Next stop: Drive 90 minutes from Polonnaruwa to Sigirya.
Sigiriya: 1 day
Sigiriya, which translates to “lion’s rock,” is a site not to be missed due to its breathtaking location and enigmatic history. While some travelers might prefer the distant view from Pidurangala (thus avoiding the US$30 entry fee), experiencing both locations is recommended: visit Sigiriya at dawn and Pidurangala at sunset. Later, embark on a 4WD safari to Minneriya National Park.
Next stop: Drive 45 minutes from Sigiriya to Dambulla.
Dambulla: 1 day
The exquisite Buddhist cave murals of Dambulla represent a significant artistic highlight of Sri Lanka. A visit can be incorporated as a half-day excursion from Sigiriya or on the way to Kandy, but ensure not to overlook this site. The caves require merely an hour; however, be mindful to account for the time needed to hike up to them. Few travelers opt to stay overnight in Dambulla.
Next stop: Drive approximately 3 hours from Dambulla to Kandy.
Kandy: 1 day
Kandy serves as Sri Lanka’s cultural epicenter, connecting the plains to the highlands. Visit the revered Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic housed within the former royal palace (preferably during the spectacular 15-day Esala Perahera festival) and spend the rest of your day discovering the Central Market and the historic downtown area. For sunset views, consider taking a tuk tuk to the Buddha statue on Bahirawa Kanda.
2. Take a train journey to the central highlands
Allocate a minimum of 7 days
Distance: 450km (280 miles)
Following the warmth of the plains, a gradual ascent into the cool, misty highlands of Sri Lanka’s verdant center provides relief. This region boasts the country’s finest hiking trails; however, if physical activity becomes demanding, numerous enjoyable alternatives exist, including rafting, caving, abseiling, and canyoning.
Kandy: 2 days
After visiting the Temple of the Tooth, exploring the old town, and enjoying a traditional Kandyan dance performance, venture beyond town and embark on a hike; choices include the restricted forest of Udawattakele or a guided trek through the misty Knuckles range. We suggest allocating an extra day for an overnight glamping adventure in the conservation forest.
Next stop: Take a 4-hour train ride from Kandy to Nuwara Eliya.
Nuwara Eliya: 1 day
If you have successfully obtained tickets, experience the country’s iconic train ride through the hills and tea plantations to Nanu Oya, followed by a tuk tuk for the last 10km (6 miles) to Nuwara Eliya. Consider playing a round of golf on the historic British course, purchasing a jar of chutney made by Franciscan nuns, and savoring high tea in one of the town’s charming colonial hotels.
Next stop: Drive 2.5 hours from Nuwara Eliya to Sri Pada.
Sri Pada (Adam’s Peak): 1 day
Those inclined towards pilgrimage will surely want to undertake the pre-dawn ascent from Dalhousie (arriving the evening prior) up the 5000-plus steps to the summit of Adam’s Peak, where one can tread in the sacred footprints of Buddha or Biblical Adam, depending on personal belief. Be prepared to share the path with a multitude of pilgrims, particularly on poya (full moon) nights, when lengthy queues are typical.
Next stop: Drive 3.5 hours from Sri Pada to Horton Plains National Park.
Horton Plains National Park: 1 day
Back at Nuwara Eliya, make the hour-long journey to the high plateau of Horton Plains to tackle the popular 9.5km-loop (5.9 miles) leading to the World’s End escarpment, renowned for its breathtaking vistas. For those seeking a more remote and challenging experience, consider enlisting a guide for a day hike up to Mt Kirigalpotta, the second-highest peak in Sri Lanka that can be hiked to.
Next stop: Take a 3-hour train journey from Nanu Oya station near Nuwara Eliya to Ella.
Ella: 1 day
Post-Horton Plains, journey to the backpacker hub of Ella, optimally on the afternoon train from Pattipola, and explore one of Ella’s stunning waterfalls. Early the next morning, venture on the 3-hour return trail to experience panoramic views at Ella Rock or arrange for a guide to discover the ancient cave art at Kurullangala Rock.
Next stop: Drive 2 hours from Ella to Uda Walawe National Park.
Uda Walawe National Park: 1 day
Early mornings and late afternoons are optimal for a 4WD safari. The drive from Ella to Uda Walawe travels through Wellawaya and Thanamalwila, and a hired vehicle will undoubtedly expedite your journey compared to public transportation. From Uda Walawe, the beaches of the southern coast are merely a 2-hour drive away.
3. Explore Sri Lanka’s south coast
Allocate a minimum of 7 days
Distance: 320km (199 miles)
The southern expanse of Sri Lanka features an array of breathtaking beaches, surf schools, and trendy restaurants, presenting a more independent atmosphere than the western side. It serves as a prime locale for learning to surf while enjoying smoothie bowls, complemented by Buddhist temples and pilgrimage sites; the ambiance becomes quieter and more untamed as one progresses eastward.
Galle: 1 day
Allocate an entire day in Galle to traverse its 2km-long (1.2-mile) fort walls, absorb the colonial heritage, and relish stylish restaurants, bars, and cafes within the fortified town. As the most romantically constructed location in Sri Lanka, it serves as an ideal spot to indulge in a luxurious hotel and cocktails. Arrive via the coastal train from Colombo Fort.
Next stop: Drive 2 hours from Galle to Weligama.
Weligama: 1 day
While public transport operates frequently along the southern coastline, employing a personal vehicle provides the flexibility to stop at beachfront restaurants and make detours to the Handunugoda Tea Estate. Spend a few hours in Weligama engaging in a surf lesson at one of numerous surf schools. Should the experience resonate, consider returning for a week-long surf camp.
Next stop: Drive 2 hours from Weligama to Tangalla.
Tangalla: 1 day
The scenic journey to Tangalla offers ample opportunities for leisurely pauses at Dondra Head Lighthouse, the stunning Talalla Bay, and the mesmerizing beach at Goyambokka. Arrive in Tangalla in time for a sunset stroll along the pristine sands of Marakolliya Beach, concluding the day with a sundowner or seafood dinner right on the shoreline, all while keeping an eye out for nesting turtles.
Next stop: Drive 2 hours from Tangalla to Tissamaharama.
Tissamaharama: 1 day
Arrive in Tissa at midday, allocating the afternoon to explore the Buddhist dagobas and monastery remnants of the ancient Kingdom of Ruhuna. As dusk approaches, proceed to the banks of the Tissa Wewa reservoir to witness flickering bats, roosting birds, and the hues of the setting sun; boat tours represent an excellent alternative. Prepare for an early start, as dawn will arrive promptly the following day.
Next stop: Drive 1 hour from Tissamaharama to Yala National Park.
Yala National Park: 1 day
A dawn 4WD safari in Yala National Park is essential. With a bit of luck, you may spot a leopard lounging on a tree branch; however, even those who are less fortunate will likely encounter wild elephants, crocodiles, painted storks, iridescent bee-eaters, and even a sloth bear. You’ll return to Tissa by lunchtime, providing an opportunity to venture into the hills later that afternoon.
Next stop: Drive 4 hours from Yala National Park to Haputale.
Haputale: 2 days
Haputale provides an exceptional location for hiking within the central highlands, away from the heavier tourist presence in areas like Ella. Rise early to join tea pickers on a stroll through the tea fields to Lipton’s Seat, or engage in longer day hikes to the summits of nearby Prabhawa or Wangedigala peaks, the latter offering vistas of Sri Lanka’s tallest waterfall.
4. Go off-track in the northeast
Allocate a minimum of 8 days
Distance: 300km (186 miles)
This itinerary represents the most remote journey, tailored for those seeking an escape from the typical tourist trail. Experience a deeper understanding of rural Sri Lanka and the lasting impacts of its civil conflict. In addition to the more surreal landmarks, there are stunning beaches, towering Hindu temples, ancient Buddhist stupas, and exceptional cuisine.
Trincomalee: 1 day
Accessible by train from Colombo or Habarana, or by bus from Anuradhapura, Trinco invites exploration of its rich history stretching from the Dutch-era Fort Frederick to the magnificent Koneswaram Kovil Shiva temple. From March to November, keep an eye out for whales along this scenic stretch of land.
Next stop: Take a bus for a 30-minute ride from Trincomalee to Nilaveli.
Nilaveli: 1 day
The east coast flaunts many exquisite beaches; however, few match the allure of Nilaveli, with its 4km-long (2.5-mile) stretch. Aside from leisurely swimming and relaxation, snorkelers will find paradise off nearby Pigeon Island, attractive for its coral and black-tip reef sharks. Certified divers can even explore the wreck of an aircraft carrier.
Next stop: Drive 1 hour from Nilaveli to Kuchchaveli Beach.
Kuchchaveli Beach: 1 day
Opt for a tuk tuk or a car with a driver for a fascinating day’s drive north along the B424, skirting the ocean and lagoon. Make stops at a series of significant Buddhist ruins (including one of the world’s oldest stupas) and observe local fishermen as they land their catch at Kuchchaveli Beach.
Next stop: Take a 2-hour bus ride from Pulmoddai to Mullaittivu.
Mullaittivu: 1 day
The bus will drop you in the somber town of Mullaittivu, where notable events related to the civil conflict unfolded in 2009. Take time to visit the war memorials present; one honors the army’s victory while the other, established by locals, commemorates the site of the last massacre. This location serves as a poignant gateway to understanding the conflict’s history.
Next stop: Drive 2 hours from Mullaittivu to Jaffna.
Jaffna: 2 days
In the dynamic northern Tamil city of Jaffna, explore remnants of colonial history at the Dutch fort, British-era churches, and Tamil temples (timing your visit to coincide with the chariot processions of July’s Nallur festival is highly recommended). Additionally, savor the vibrant culinary scene, from early morning visits to fish markets culminating in spicy crab curry for dinner, perhaps garnished with a cocktail at the Peninsula Hotel.
Next stop: Take a ferry for a 30-minute to 1-hour journey from Jaffna to Neduntivu.
Neduntivu (Delft): 2 days
Dedicate two days (or ideally three) to uncover the archipelago west of Jaffna, where Sri Lanka splits into a collection of islands within the Palk Strait. Drive along the causeways to Velanai and Punkudutivu, take ferries to Nainativu’s pilgrimage sites, and spend the night on Neduntivu island, famous for its wild horses and coral fences, before returning to Jaffna via Karaitivu and its quaint fort.
