Summary
One of the highlights of my visit to the Middle East would have to be Baalbek Lebanon, with its Roman ruins and giant megalithic stones.
This temple dates back to ancient times, and it can be visited pretty easily on a day trip from the Beirut area.
These amazing ruins are still in great condition considering their age, making them a must-see if you happen to be passing through Lebanon or the Middle East.
This travel guide will explain how to get there, and everything you need to know before you go!
Best Baalbek Lebanon Tours
First of all, if this is your first time in Lebanon, I would highly recommend visiting Baalbek with a tour package and guide.
GetYourGuide offers prearranged day tours to Baalbek from Beirut, including free hotel pickup and drop-off, and a knowledgeable guide for the archaeological sites. This approach is easier and safer than trying to navigate on your own, and you’ll appreciate the enhanced experience with a guide explaining the intricacies of the ruins.
We’ve enjoyed using GetYourGuide for tours and activities around the world. They have proven to be consistently reliable!
History Of Baalbek
The Baalbek valley (also spelled ‘Baalbeck’) has been settled since at least 9,000 BC. In biblical times, this site was notorious for human sacrifices to Baal, the Canaanite god of fertility, and remnants of this ancient civilization are still visible today.
Baalbek was renamed ‘Heliopolis’ following its conquest by the Greeks, later transformed by the Romans into a magnificent temple complex that took 250 years to complete.
The most notable Roman structures within this complex included the temples of Bacchus, Jupiter, and Venus, collectively forming one of the largest temple complexes in the Roman Empire.
Throughout history, the temple of Baalbek (or Heliopolis) suffered extensive damage due to earthquakes and was often plundered for its stone.
Various groups, including the Phoenicians, Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, Ottomans, and even the Mongols, occupied this site at different points in history.
Interestingly, some of the Corinthian columns were disassembled by the Byzantine Empire and repurposed in the 537 AD construction of the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, Turkey, known today as one of the wonders of the ancient world.
Today, Baalbek is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is regarded as one of the best archaeological attractions in Lebanon.
Mark Twain, in his 19th-century travel memoirs, remarked that “such grandeur of design, and such grace of execution, as seen in the temples of Baalbeck, have not been equaled in any human construction created in the last twenty centuries.” Though some may argue this point, Baalbek certainly was the highlight of my trip to Lebanon, and you shouldn’t miss it if you find yourself in the area!
Visiting The Baalbek Ruins
There are many fascinating features to explore within the Baalbek temple complex.
We dedicated a couple of hours to exploring (until a storm rolled in), but for lovers of history and architecture, an extended visit may be worthwhile!
In my opinion, the Temple of Bacchus stands out as the most impressive structure at Baalbek today. This Roman temple is remarkably well-preserved, showcasing grand 20-meter (65-foot) columns and many intact sculptures and reliefs.
If your time is limited, make sure to visit here first!
The remaining six columns of the Temple of Jupiter can be spotted at Baalbek as well, although they are frequently shrouded in scaffolding due to ongoing restoration efforts, preventing photographs during my 2018 visit.
At its zenith, the Temple of Jupiter was likely the most stunning aspect of the Baalbek complex, but centuries of wear have taken their toll.
However, massive partial columns on the eastern side of the complex are still noticeable, and it’s enjoyable to stand beside these monumental stones for a true sense of scale.
A fascinating fact is that one of the megalith blocks at Baalbek is believed to be the largest stone ever quarried in human history, weighing an astounding 1,650 tons—over 3 million pounds!
The engineering behind the placement of these massive stones remains somewhat of a mystery, raising speculation, including fringe theories suggesting alien involvement!
Nevertheless, one of the most captivating elements at Baalbek is the Roman inscriptions adorning the temple complex.
Many of these remain in excellent condition, and their presence alongside the towering stone columns contributes to an awe-inspiring atmosphere.
How To Get To Baalbek Lebanon
Baalbek is situated about 90 kilometers (55 miles) northeast of Beirut.
Although you can manage this drive in a rental car, this is not advisable unless you are comfortable navigating traffic in the Middle East.
Traffic conditions in Arab countries can be somewhat perilous and chaotic; thus, opting for a driver familiar with the local traffic can significantly enhance your safety and experience.
The most convenient option is to book a prearranged day tour to Baalbek through an established tour company.
More Lebanon Travel Tips
Thank you for reading! I hope you found this travel guide to Baalbek Lebanon (also spelled ‘Baalbeck’) enlightening. The temple, ruins, and gigantic stones are simply fascinating.
Be sure to explore comprehensive travel resources for Lebanon to enhance your visit and make the most of your experience!
