Summary
The Geography of Connacht
Connacht, or in Irish Cúige Chonnacht, encompasses the West of Ireland.
The counties of Galway, Leitrim, Mayo, Roscommon, and Sligo make up this ancient province. Connacht’s major towns are Galway City and Sligo. The rivers Moy, Shannon, and Suck flow through Connacht and the highest point within the 661 square miles of the area is Mweelra (2,685 feet). The population is steadily growing – in 2011 it was counted at 542,547 and nearly half of these live in County Galway.
The History of Connacht
The name “Connacht” derives from the mythological figure Conn of the Hundred Battles. The local king Ruairi O’Connor was High King of Ireland at the time of Strongbow’s conquest, but Anglo-Norman settlement in the 13th century kicked off the steady decline of Irish power.
Shortly after, Galway developed important trade links with Spain, becoming most powerful in the 16th century. This period also marked the heyday of “Pirate Queen” Grace O’Malley, who hails from Connacht. Significant historical events include Catholic settlement under Cromwell, the Battle of Aughrim (1691), French General Humbert’s invasion of 1798, and the great famine (1845).
Connacht in Ireland Today
Today, the economy and way of life in Connacht relies mainly on tourism and agriculture. Connacht’s largest city, Galway City, stands out as it is not just a popular tourist stop but also home to several high-tech industries and a university. However, for the most part, a vacation in Connacht offers a rewarding experience for nature lovers and those seeking a slower, more traditional pace of life.
Counties of Connacht
County Galway
Galway (in Irish Gaillimh) is perhaps the most well-known County in Connacht, especially Galway City and the Connemara region. The county stretches over 2,374 square miles and has (according to the 2016 census) 258,058 inhabitants. Compared to 1991, this reflects a 40% growth, one of the fastest rates in Ireland.
Galway City is recognized for its bustling atmosphere, energetic students, and vibrant culture. With sights like Lough Corrib and Lough Derg, the Maumturk and Slieve Aughty Mountains, the Twelve Pins, and the picturesque Aran Islands, the county offers multiple attractions for visitors.
County Leitrim
Leitrim (in Irish either Liatroim or Liatroma) is probably the least-known county in Connacht, hosting just 32,044 people over 610 square miles. Despite its quiet charm and scenic nature, tourism bodies promote it under the moniker “Lovely Leitrim.” Common nicknames include “Ridge County” and “O’Rourke County,” reflecting its historical features and natural beauty.
County Mayo
Mayo is a Connacht county named Maigh Eo, which translates to “the plain of the yews.” Spanning 2,175 square miles, it houses 130,507 people, with a population growth of 18% over the last twenty-five years. The county town, Westport, was crowned “the best place to live in Ireland” in the summer of 2012.
County Roscommon
Roscommon (in Irish Ros Comáin) is the only landlocked county in Connacht, typically hosting a quiet atmosphere with only 64,544 residents spread across 1,022 square miles. The historic site of Cong Abbey and luxurious Ashford Castle reflect the rich heritage of this region.
County Sligo
Sligo (in Irish Sligeach) is known for its rich fishing grounds and has 65,535 inhabitants. The county features a plethora of nicknames, such as “Yeats County” and “the Land of Heart’s Desire,” celebrating the influence of renowned poet William Butler Yeats on its cultural stature.
Best Things to See in Connacht
Connacht’s landscape boasts largely undisturbed wilderness due to minimal tourism. Here are some highlights worth exploring:
- Sligo and Area: Visit Knocknarea and Carrowmore, the largest stone age cemetery in Ireland.
- Kylemore Abbey: This stunning Neo-Gothic structure offers a scenic view across the lake and various amenities.
- Croagh Patrick: A pilgrimage site that many visitors choose to climb for breathtaking views.
- Achill Island: Known for its unspoiled beauty, it offers numerous outdoor activities amidst nature.
- The Connemara National Park: Experience endless walking trails and stunning landscapes while seeking out wildlife.
- Cong – the Village of “The Quiet Man”: Explore the historical ruins of Cong Abbey and the luxurious grounds of Ashford Castle.
- The Aran Islands: Known for their rugged scenery and serene atmosphere, these islands are ideal for an immersive experience.
- Malachy’s Bodhran Workshop: A great spot to appreciate traditional Irish craftsmanship.
- Omey Island: Experience this island, accessible at low tide, with its scenic walks and history.
- Clifden and Cleggan: Explore the tourist capital of Connemara, known for its lively atmosphere and historical significance.
