Summary
For those seeking an extraordinary experience in Indonesia, a visit to Papua (also known as Irian Jaya) offers breathtaking landscapes alongside some of the premier diving experiences globally.
It is essential to differentiate Papua from Papua New Guinea, as they are distinct entities. Papua, far removed from Indonesia’s central hubs such as Java and Bali, boasts expansive rainforests, serene rivers, and cascading waterfalls.
Travelers can delight in pristine white sandy beaches and magnificent coral reefs. Divers are particularly fortunate since the waters here provide excellent visibility, allowing for a wide array of marine life to be observed.
Moreover, Papua is steeped in cultural significance, offering insights into extraordinary tribal art, including ancient cave paintings that persist in various locations.
Accessing Papua and traversing its landscape requires time, as many areas can only be reached by boat. Nevertheless, this effort is profoundly worthwhile to uncover one of the last remaining pristine regions not only in Indonesia but potentially worldwide.
Below are the top destinations in Papua:
1. Raja Ampat
Raja Ampat is considered one of the most stunning islands globally. Situated in West Papua, it is renowned as an exceptional honeymoon destination and offers premium diving opportunities.
The island is largely enveloped in unspoiled rainforests, accompanied by stretches of pristine sand that front the turquoise waters abundant with marine life.
In addition to diving, activities such as snorkeling, sailing, and swimming are also prevalent here; however, the diving remains the highlight of Raja Ampat, where one can encounter 540 coral species and over 1,500 fish species.
2. Goa Jepang
Goa Jepang, translating to Japanese Cave in Indonesian, is located north of Kota Biak, one of Papua’s larger towns.
This site holds historical significance as it was utilized during World War II by Japanese soldiers as a hideout, featuring a tunnel that extends three kilometers to Parai on the coast.
Approximately 3,000 Japanese soldiers are reported to have perished here when the US military bombed the cave; visitors can explore the cavern and witness this poignant history firsthand.
Artifacts, including Japanese and American weaponry and historical photographs, are also exhibited here.
3. Cenderawasih Bay Marine National Park
Cenderawasih Bay Marine National Park, also known as Taman Teluk Cenderawasih, is an expansive marine park comprised of 18 islands along a scenic coastline.
The park covers 14,000 square kilometers, making it one of the largest in Indonesia. Visitors are drawn here for trekking, hiking, scuba diving, and birdwatching, with popular islands including Pulau Auri, Pulau Rumberpon, and Pulau Wairondi.
4. Have a picnic on Base G Beach
Base G Beach in Jayapura extends nearly 3 kilometers and features golden sands.
One of the beach’s highlights is its wooden picnic platforms, making it an excellent location for enjoying meals while taking in the views.
Swimming is possible here; however, caution is advised due to the rocky shoreline, making it more suitable for relaxation.
This beach is relatively secluded, offering a peaceful atmosphere despite being frequented by locals on weekends.
5. Fak Fak
The uniquely named Fak Fak is a Dutch settlement nestled at the foot of picturesque hills, offering sweeping sea views.
Although it is not a large town, it is worth visiting, particularly walking along Jalan Izaak Telussa to experience the sights.
This area serves as a good launch point for excursions to the nearby Banda Islands and Pulau Ambon, part of the broader Maluku Islands.
Day trips to the idyllic Pulau Tubir Seram, known for its sandy beaches and hiking trails, are also available from Fak Fak.
6. Manokwari
Manokwari, situated around Teuk Doreri Bay, is historically significant as it served as the first missionary base in Papua, a region that is predominantly Christian in a Muslim-majority country.
Visitors often come here for sightseeing, exploring wildlife trails, many of which are part of the scenic Table Mountain Park (Taman Gunung Meja). Other local attractions include the Japanese Monument and the Japanese Cave.
Near Manokwari is the sunny Pulau Lemon, ideal for snorkeling and swimming.
7. Pulau Biak
Pulau Biak is highly regarded for its historical significance and vibrant attractions.
The primary town, Kota Biak, offers numerous diving activities and opportunities for birdwatching.
Additionally, visitors should not miss the Cenderawasih Museum and the stunning rock formations located on the opposite side of the island at Urfu and Samber.
This is an essential destination for any traveler exploring this captivating province.
8. Lorentz National Park
Lorentz National Park is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and serves as the location for the prominent Puncak Jaya mountain.
The Castensz Pyramid, as it is referred to in English, rises to 4,900 meters. For those interested in learning about Indonesia’s diverse flora and fauna, this park is a pivotal destination.
Birdwatchers will find hundreds of species within the park, and adventurous individuals can engage in trekking and mountain climbing on Puncak Jaya; however, it is crucial to prepare adequately as this represents a challenging hike.
9. Aikima
For those eager to explore Papua, a visit to Aikima—located about eight kilometers from Waimena—is recommended to see the Werapak Elosak Mummy.
This preserved body, dating back 300 years, belongs to an ancient chief who was intentionally smoked to delay decomposition.
The narrative behind this preservation suggests that the chieftain was believed to possess magical powers, and the village aimed to retain these powers posthumously to safeguard the area from malevolent spirits or invaders.
10. Museum Loka Budaya
Museum Loka Budaya, affiliated with Cenderawasih University in Jayapura, stands out as one of Papua’s premier museums.
The museum showcases a wide range of artifacts, including ancient Asmat carvings and traditional attire.
Visitors can also view craftsmanship from various regions of Papua, alongside collections featuring historical photographs and musical instruments.
Taxidermy enthusiasts will appreciate the gallery dedicated to Papuan wildlife, including the remarkable birds of paradise.
11. The Bird and Orchid Garden
For a tranquil experience in Kota Biak, visit Ibdi’s Bird and Orchid Garden, which showcases indigenous birds of Papua, such as hornbills, cockatoos, and lories.
In addition to the vibrant avian life, the garden houses numerous species of orchids, making it an ideal place for leisurely strolls in a calm urban environment.
This attraction is among the key features of Biak, which, although beautiful, has fewer sightseeing opportunities.
12. Jiwika
Near Jiwika lies the Wimontok Mabel Mummy, reputedly the remains of a prominent chief from the 18th century.
The preserved corpse presents a fascinating glimpse into local history and is accessible for those interested in exploring the stories of this remarkable region.
This locale exemplifies an atypical off-the-beaten-path experience in Papua, providing opportunities to engage with locals and observe their lifestyle.
13. The Asmat Region
The Asmat Region remains relatively unexplored by tourists, which is unfortunate as it offers some of Papua’s most picturesque landscapes.
The region encompasses vast expanses of mangrove swamps, rivers, and tropical jungles, with Agats being the primary town, resembling a small settlement rather than a bustling metropolis.
A key attraction in Agats is the Museum Kebudayaan dan Kemajuan (Museum of Culture and Progress), filled with galleries featuring Asmat tribal art.
14. Spend a Few Days in Jayapura
Jayapura serves as the capital and largest city of Papua, boasting a population of around 200,000 residents.
While it is not a vast metropolis, the city offers plenty of attractions to occupy visitors for several days.
Surrounded by hills, it provides easy access to nearby beaches such as Base G Beach, alongside various temples frequented by the local Buddhist community.
A visit to the local market in Hamadi is essential for experiencing authentic Papuan culture.
15. Kaimana Island
Kaimana Island, located in West Papua, is designated as a Marine Protected Area associated with Raja Ampat and is an integral part of the Bird’s Head Seascape.
This area is celebrated for its exceptional diving opportunities, situated within the renowned Coral Triangle, boasting a greater diversity of fish and coral species than anywhere else on the planet.
Kaimana is often referred to as the Kingdom of Fishes, making it a popular choice for macro photographers.
As the name implies, the island is home to abundant coral gardens alongside species like dolphins, marlin, seahorses, and sharks.
