Top 15 Must-Do Activities in Tilcara, Argentina

Tilcara is arguably the most vibrant pre-colonial village along the Quebrada de Humahuaca. If you are traversing this stunning drive through some of Argentina’s most breathtaking landscapes, consider spending the night (or several) in Tilcara, where you can enjoy a delightful town square, engaging bars and restaurants, as well as numerous historical and natural attractions.

This artistic yet local village features dusty streets adorned with handicraft stalls, showcasing its status as the archaeological capital of Argentina. Activities include trekking to caves and waterfalls, visiting its museums and artisan markets, biking, exploring a high-altitude winery, observing the production of alfajores, and indulging in regional cuisine, all while enjoying traditional music.

Let us examine the most notable activities in Tilcara:

1. Pucará de Tilcara

The remarkably preserved pre-Inca fortifications known as the Pucará de Tilcara serve as the village’s primary highlight.

Situated on the outskirts, this archaeological site was originally established by the Omaguaca people, skillfully located above the rivers and valleys for protective purposes.

The ancient inhabitants utilized this settlement from the 11th to 15th centuries, and following excavations, archaeologists uncovered and partially restored the ruins.

A visit to this site will offer insight into what the plaza, fortress, and temple may have resembled in this expansive and advanced indigenous community.

Besides the ruins, the area is home to a plethora of cacti, stunning views, llamas, and several intriguing modern monuments.

2. Jardin Botanico de Altura

Explore the extensive collection of cacti located near the Pucará ruins.

This garden, showcasing indigenous plants, provides a unique opportunity for a leisurely stroll.

You will encounter different species and sizes of cactus plants, as well as other high-altitude mountain vegetation capable of thriving in this region.

The garden is well-organized, allowing you to capture picturesque views or take a break on one of the benches while your cactus-enthusiast companions wander—just remember to apply sunscreen! The garden also features the piedra campana, a fascinating natural stone that produces a bell-like sound when struck.

3. Museo Archeologico

Your entry ticket to the Pucará ruins provides access to the Museo Arqueológico located in town, presenting an excellent opportunity to learn more about your visit.

Situated in the main plaza, this museum features Inca artifacts, ceramics, ceremonial masks, and even mummies.

Although its size is modest and much of the information is presented in Spanish, it is nonetheless worthwhile to view the unique exhibition of deformed skulls.

You will gain further insights into the Pucará settlement and the lifestyles and cultures of pre-Hispanic societies, with a substantial collection of intriguing artifacts discovered in the Tilcara area.

4. Posta de Hornillos

This small historical landmark, now functioning as a museum, exemplifies colonial architecture beautifully.

Constructed in 1772, it served initially as a resting point for horses along the route from Buenos Aires to Alto Peru, later being utilized by the Argentine military during the War of Independence.

The structure consists of 19 rooms and 3 courtyards, along with a centuries-old tree.

Stroll through the restored spaces and examine the artifacts and preserved remnants from its various roles as a family residence, post office, and revolutionary headquarters.

A guided tour enhances your understanding of its multifaceted history.

5. The Waira Caves

Engage a guide and embark on a hike to encounter unforgettable scenery and mountainside caves.

While not the easiest trek, the endeavor rewards adventurers with breathtaking views, serene caves, and trails that challenge one’s comfort with heights.

It is essential to organize this hike in advance (consult the Tourist Office in Tilcara) and carry ample water and sunscreen to reach the summit.

Navigate the rugged mountainside paths and enter two caves that historically served as hiding spots during conflicts.

A guide is crucial for navigating the steep, rocky terrain, and to share the local legends and myths associated with the Waira Caves during your expedition.

6. Taste the Regional Cuisine

Tilcara boasts the finest restaurant scene among all the towns along the Quebrada, so it is advisable to seize this opportunity to experience Northern Argentina’s regional dishes.

Be sure to enjoy empanadas, locro (a hearty stew of corn and meat), tamales, charqui (dried, salted meat), humitas (corn pudding-filled husks), and, of course, llama meat.

El Nuevo Progreso garners widespread acclaim, offering high-end interpretations of traditional dishes such as llama carpaccio, beer-braised lamb, and quinoa crepes.

El Patio presents delightful regional fare amidst a charming garden, featuring llama steaks, breaded goat cheese, and tamales.

Alternatively, visit Arumi for humitas, empanadas, steak, and occasionally enjoy live music.

7. The Quebrada de Humahuaca

This vividly colorful mountainous valley and UNESCO World Heritage Site exhibits a stunning display of nature’s artistry, which is likely the primary reason for your visit to Tilcara.

The Quebrada extends nearly 100 miles (155 km) along the Río Grande and into Bolivia, and visitors may choose to take a bus tour, hire a private guide, or embark on a DIY adventure (with well-maintained roads and available car rentals). Begin your journey in Purmamarca and its Cerro de los Siete Colores before traversing Ruta 9 to your desired destination.

Once a section of ancient Inca trade routes, the area features several geographic formations perfect for photographs.

Ensure you visit other pre-colonial towns along the Quebrada, such as Iruya and Humahuaca.

8. Plaza Alvarez Prado

This vibrant square is filled with artisans showcasing their crafts, musicians, street performers, restaurants, and energetic bars, representing the heart of Tilcara.

If you’re looking to immerse yourself in the local culture, spending an afternoon in this charming plaza is an excellent choice, allowing for souvenir shopping and leisurely drinks while observing the lively scene.

Discover an affordable llama wool sweater from one of the many handicraft stalls, or savor some regional cuisine while listening to live local music in this colorful environment.

Time spent exploring the handicraft and souvenir shops can easily extend for hours; don’t forget to visit the Mercado Municipal where vendors offer fresh produce, meats, baked goods, herbs, and prepared foods including fried empanadas.

9. Check Out a Peña

If you have yet to witness entertaining and spirited traditional music performed on regional instruments by local artists, visiting La Peña de Carlitos or La Peña de Chuspita is highly recommended during your stay.

A traditional Argentine “peña” is a communal celebration filled with folkloric music and dancing, while many establishments offer dining shows for tourists wishing to participate.

The atmosphere can be lively and spontaneous, with performances adhering to a script or turning into impromptu jam sessions. Whichever you attend, you will experience captivating regional music and storytelling.

10. Museo en Los Cerros

This modern museum stands out amidst the pre-colonial towns, showcasing a vivid collection of photography in a contemporary setting created from traditional materials.

Situated just outside of Maimará, this museum features the works of photographer Lucio Boschi, who captures the narratives of the Andean people, along with exhibits from over 30 local artists and occasional traveling displays.

The Museo en Los Cerros (or “Mec”) is surrounded by breathtaking Quebrada scenery and includes a library where visitors can unwind while exploring an extensive collection of photography books.

11. El Molle Fábrica de Alfajores

Indeed, there exists an alfajor factory in Tilcara, making this experience a must-do.

Sample various types of this iconic Argentine sweet—a cookie sandwich filled with dulce de leche or fruit pastes, frequently coated in chocolate.

El Molle incorporates local ingredients such as quinoa, purple maize, and quince (membrillo) in their alfajores. Visitors have the opportunity to tour the factory, observe the production process, and taste diverse alfajor varieties.

The shop offers an assortment of local products, including craft beer, llama soppressata, wine, popped quinoa, and fruit chutneys.

12. Bodega Fernando Dupont

Discover the methods utilized by this boutique winery to cultivate grapes at remarkably high altitudes by participating in a tour of their scenic estate.

Located in nearby Maimará, ensure the vineyard is accessible prior to your visit, as the riverbed crossing may become impassable during the summer months due to flooding.

The bodega invites guests to explore the vineyard where they produce internationally recognized wines and learn about the environmentally friendly techniques employed for fertilization and irrigation in an arid environment.

The views of adjacent lavender fields and the foothills of Cerro Paleta del Pintor enhance your visit.

Though the winery produces limited quantities, tastings may not be available; however, you are welcome to purchase some bottles—reported to feature an exceptional rosé.

13. Caravana de Llamas

For numerous photo opportunities alongside adorable llamas and an incredible trek into the Quebrada landscape, consider this unique and well-regarded tour provider.

Caravana de Llamas is a local enterprise that resurrects the tradition of using llamas as pack animals.

They can organize a llama-trekking excursion tailored to your preferences, whether you desire a brief walk, a half-day hike, or even extended mountain treks.

The llamas will carry your camping supplies, personal items, food, and, of course, the wine for your meals.

Please note that the pace will likely be determined by the llamas, but you can indicate your desired difficulty level to the company.

A highlight of the experience is that your guides will prepare a wonderful array of food, allowing you to picnic outdoors amidst the llamas!

14. Take a Bike Tour of the Quebrada

Visitors rave about the informed guide leading these meticulously organized bike tours throughout Northern Argentina.

Jujuy en Bici is the tour company, with Francisco as the knowledgeable guide who ensures you do not miss anything.

He tailors the mountain biking excursions to cover the sites you wish to see within your desired timeframe, providing all necessary equipment.

From geology, history, to cultural insights, he shares fascinating information about the terrains you traverse, guiding you to archaeological ruins, waterfalls, and mountains—while arranging meals or preparing them himself. Regardless of whether you seek a half-day adventure or multi-day journeys (including accommodations), you will certainly discover paths less traveled in the regions surrounding Tilcara.