Summary
The South of France epitomizes elegance and charm, often conjuring images of the jazz era, the glamorous jet set of the 1950s, impressionist artists, ochre-tinted Provençal villages, and Roman antiquities.
This region encompasses all those elements and much more. We have meticulously compiled a selection that encompasses well-known cities and enchanting towns, each connected to the artists and writers who drew inspiration from them.
Whether your interest lies in the South of France’s rich history, breathtaking landscapes, vibrant culture, exquisite cuisine, or serene beaches, you are sure to find a destination on this list that will entice you.
Let us explore the best places to visit in the South of France:
1. Avignon
During the Middle Ages, Avignon was a pivotal center of western Christianity, situated along the banks of the Rhône River.
In the 14th century, the awe-inspiring Palais des Papes hosted six papal conclaves, and remnants from this period, including the valuable Gothic frescoes that still adorn the papal apartments, can be found throughout the building.
The remarkable ruins of the Pont Saint-Bénézet also date back to this era, extending halfway across the river, complete with a gatehouse and the quaint medieval chapel of Saint Nicholas.
Stroll through the artistic walled town, enjoy a cruise along the Rhône, and consider attending the Theatre Festival in July when Avignon transforms into a vast stage.
2. Carcassonne
The Cité de Carcassonne, perched above the right bank of the Aude River, is a breathtaking historical site. This fortified area has been enclosed by walls since the 4th century, further strengthened in the 13th century to defend against the Crown of Aragon to the south.
In the 1600s, the walls fell into disrepair after becoming redundant, until architect Viollet-le-Duc undertook a romantic restoration in the 1800s.
Beyond the fortress, the city features the Canal du Midi, a remarkable engineering feat from the 1600s, as well as stunning stained glass in the Basilica of Saints Nazarius and Celsus, which ranks among the finest in the region.
3. Aix-en-Provence
Aix-en-Provence stands apart from the previous entries as visitors come here not solely for tourist attractions, but for its intangible, atmospheric qualities.
Along the evocative Cours Mirabeau, with its plane trees, fountains, and elegant mansions, one can encounter the haunts of many renowned figures associated with Aix, including Paul Cézanne, Ernest Hemingway, and Émile Zola.
Continuing the Cézanne theme, one may undertake a pilgrimage to Montaigne Saint-Victoire, situated just east of the city.
This rugged limestone ridge served as a recurring inspiration for Cézanne’s paintings in the late 19th century.
4. Nice
Nice presents a grander ambiance, characterized by its expansive squares and lengthy promenades.
As one of the first coastal destinations to attract travelers, it showcases impressive 19th-century palaces and hotels lining the Promenade des Anglais.
One can explore the narrow streets of Vieux Nice for boutique shopping and visit the vibrant flower market at Cours Selaya, or ascend the Colline du Château for a breathtaking view.
If you’re comfortable with pebbled shores, you may also be among the few who sunbathe on Nice’s beaches, which remain less crowded than the promenade even during peak seasons.
Moreover, Nice houses several artists who held the city in high regard: Marc Chagall and Henri Matisse both established dedicated museums here.
5. Albi
Even if you don’t recognize the name, you are likely familiar with one of Albi’s most illustrious natives: Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, known for his iconic depictions of dancers at the Moulin Rouge and the art nouveau posters that embody the Belle Époque.
The museum dedicated to his work, housed within the Episcopal Palace of Albi, features the largest single collection of his art globally, comprising over 1,000 pieces.
This brick Gothic structure is also recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site, part of an ensemble of striking red brick edifices designed to leave a lasting impression.
Prominent among them is the Albi Cathedral, which resembles a fortress and was constructed in the 13th century as a testament to Catholic dominance following the suppression of the Cathar sect in the region.
6. Lourmarin
The quaint town south of the Luberon Massif epitomizes the essence of Provence.
It boasts all the quintessential elements, particularly the breathtaking landscape of mountains, orchards, and vineyards that frame the Caselas belfry.
Lourmarin has earned its status as one of France’s “most beautiful” villages; however, it is more than just an outdoor museum. It is a vibrant locality, equipped with 15 cafes and restaurants that utilize the limited outdoor space available amidst the winding streets.
Additionally, a cultural giant is intrinsically linked to this town. Albert Camus resided and created works here, and he is interred in the local cemetery.
7. Biarritz
In the 19th century, Biarritz was “discovered” by the European elite, transforming this seaside village into one of Europe’s most luxurious destinations.
This rapid evolution is exemplified by the Hôtel du Palais, constructed in 1855 as a summer retreat for Eugénie de Montijo, Empress of the French and spouse of Napoleon III. Visitors flock to the Grand Plage, a vast stretch of golden sand graced by opulent turn-of-the-century establishments such as the Casino Barrière.
For surfers, the Grand Plage offers excellent waves, as does the Côte des Basques just down the shore.
8. Uzès
Situated north of Nîmes, known for its wealth of Roman monuments, Uzès is an understated yet charming town.
The heart of this location is the Place aux Herbes, where summer sunlight filters through the square’s plane trees, and the surrounding arcades host delightful restaurants and cafes.
One of the South’s most acclaimed markets takes place in these archways on Saturdays.
The square serves as an excellent starting point for a walking tour through a town replete with feudal towers and creamy limestone mansions from the 1600s and 1700s.
For an unparalleled view, ascend the 100 steps of the Royal Tower, where you can gaze upon the iconic Tour Fenestrelle, the Romanesque campanile of Uzès Cathedral.
9. Marseille
Dynamic, cosmopolitan, and vibrant, Marseille defies many stereotypes associated with Provence and the French Riviera.
This city holds the title of France’s second-largest urban area and its largest port, characterized by its rich diversity, exemplified in the bustling Nouailles Market.
The expansive Old Port, established by the Phocaeans over 2,600 years ago, remains the best place to experience the city’s vibrancy.
For an iconic landmark, ascend to Notre-Dame de la Garde, positioned at the city’s highest elevation just south of the Old Port.
The contemporary MuCEM offers a prominent attraction dedicated to the Mediterranean’s history, and Marseille can also serve as your gateway to the Calanques, the impressive fjord-like cliffs to the south.
10. Pézenas
Up until the late 1700s, Pézenas served as the residence of the Governors of Languedoc, a legacy evident in the town’s abundant Renaissance and Baroque architecture, despite its modest size of around 8,000 inhabitants.
Over 100 buildings in Pézenas have received recognition as “historic.”
One may consult the tourism office for the locations of Pézenas’ notable “hôtels” and commence an unforgettable walking tour.
A notable figure from this period is the esteemed 17th-century playwright Molière, who performed at the local theatre in the 1650s and drew inspiration from his time spent at the court of Armand de Bourbon, Prince of Conti, for several of his early works.
A small exhibition dedicated to the playwright is located within this distinguished monument.
11. Arles
Renowned for its wealth of Roman and Romanesque architecture, Arles is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site featuring a Roman theatre, amphitheatre, baths, necropolis, and aqueduct, all waiting to be explored.
The 12th-century Church of St. Trophime is of immense historical importance, showcasing exquisite Romanesque sculptures above its portal.
Arles became a significant point of reference for impressionist artists, with Vincent van Gogh producing approximately 300 works during his stay and sharing the “Yellow House” with Gauguin for nine weeks.
Additionally, Arles is located north of the Camargue region, characterized by its salt flats, marshes, and meadows frequented by semi-wild white horses, as well as breeding bulls destined for Spanish markets.
From April to June, the saline lagoons and reed-filled marshes in the Camargue teem with thousands of flamingos, presenting one of the most remarkable natural spectacles in the region.
12. Toulouse
Located on the banks of the Garonne River, the historic center of Toulouse is adorned with distinguished 18th-century neoclassical structures crafted from a pinkish terracotta.
This has earned Toulouse the nickname “La Ville Rose,” exemplified by the stunning façade of the Capitole.
Among its older monuments, visitors will find the Church of the Jacobins, which is the burial place of Thomas Aquinas, the influential 12th-century friar.
The World Heritage Basilica of Saint-Sernin, easily recognizable by its spired bell tower, boasts a fascinating architectural evolution, with varying designs in its arches reflecting different construction phases.
13. Gordes
A quintessential “perched village,” Gordes is a small medieval town nestled atop a hill in the Luberon range.
This village ranks among the “most beautiful” in France, and it strives to maintain that reputation.
Any new constructions in Gordes must utilize local limestone and be capped with terracotta tiles. Like many rustic settlements in Provence, Gordes has attracted numerous celebrities over the years.
The town’s cobblestone paths wind around the hill, culminating at a Renaissance castle that houses the town hall and a small art museum.
In proximity to the village lies Sénanque Abbey, famous for its picturesque backdrop of blooming lavender fields.
14. Bordeaux
Bordeaux’s historic district is another of the South of France’s numerous UNESCO World Heritage sites.
This area largely took shape in the 1700s, when the city expanded beyond its fortifications.
This large-scale urban redevelopment equipped Bordeaux with many of the sights and monuments that captivate visitors today.
This includes the Grand Théâtre, Place de la Bourse, and Place du Parlement.
Moreover, visitors can explore medieval highlights, such as the Grosse Cloche, the 15th-century belfry of the old town hall, and the hauntingly beautiful Gothic cathedral.
It is essential to mention that Bordeaux is recognized as the world’s capital of wine, and it is a lively university city offering some of France’s finest nightlife outside of Paris.
15. Saint-Rémy-de-Provence
The modest capital of the Alpilles, a low mountain range south of Avignon, Saint-Rémy-de-Provence is a medieval town often affected by the legendary mistral winds during winter and spring.
On clear days, this phenomenon creates the distinct light that captivated the impressionist painters; Vincent van Gogh completed 150 works in and around this town.
Art enthusiasts will experience a sense of enchantment when they recognize scenes or structures brought to life by the artist’s brush.
Saint-Rémy-de-Provence is embellished with 17th and 18th-century mansions, a reflection of its former prestige.
This status is partly attributed to Glanum, the ancient city located just a short walk from the town, featuring a 2,000-year-old triumphal arch, a sacred spring, and one of the most well-preserved mausoleums from the Roman era.
