Top Things to Do in Estonia

Imagining Estonia as a human being, it would be a hippie-turned-tech entrepreneur: savvy, innovative, forward-looking, and punching above its (tiny) weight, yet deeply rooted in its cultural heritage and ever embracing its wild side.

Torn between east and north, Estonia offers visitors – both first-time and returning – a diverse palette of experiences. You’ll find a pinch of history, three teaspoons of culture, art and creativity, served on a bed of pristine nature and spiced up by the resilient spirit of the locals. Outside the medieval walls of its capital Tallinn, dark forests, mysterious bogs, windswept coastlines, and tranquil islands lure outdoor enthusiasts.

Whether you’re drawn to Tallinn’s bustling streets or the solitude of the national parks, here are some experiences you shouldn’t miss in Estonia.

1. Explore Estonia’s Capital, Tallinn

Tallinn’s medieval charm will woo you first. Behind every corner of the Old Town, a cobbled alley, a stalwart defense tower, or an elegant church spire waits to be pictured. From the historic Town Hall Square, climb up Toompea Hill to admire views over red-tiled roofs. However, wander outside of the city walls and you’ll discover that Tallinn is more than just a fairy tale. From stately parks and art museums to hipster havens and bohemian neighborhoods, Tallinn’s diverse areas beg to be explored.

Local tip: In summer, cruise ship tourists flood the tiny Old Town. Adjust your itinerary accordingly to avoid the crowds. Explore museums or neighborhoods outside of the Old Town during the daytime and return when most tourists have left by late afternoon.

2. Experience the Singing Festival

Estonia’s love for singing is evident during the Singing Festival (Laulupidu), which takes place every five years. Kept alive since the 19th century, this festival showcases choirs from all over the nation, celebrating national identity and cultural heritage. If you’re in Tallinn at the festival’s time, you can enjoy the parades and spontaneous singing, creating a lively atmosphere throughout the city.

3. Spot a Bear (or a Bird)

With around 30 people per sq km, Estonia’s low population density allows for wildlife to roam freely. Brown bears and moose, for instance, are sometimes spotted in urban areas. For wildlife enthusiasts, guided tours looking for lynxes or elusive flying squirrels offer a unique experience. Estonia is also a spectacular birdwatching destination with numerous species available to admire in places such as Matsalu and Vilsandi National Parks.

4. Kayak in Soomaa, the Amazon of Estonia

Soomaa, meaning “land of swamps,” offers a genuine wilderness experience with its peat moors and rivers. The best way to navigate this ‘Estonian Amazon’ is by kayak. Join guided tours that take you through stunning landscapes while enjoying activities such as mushrooming or snowshoeing.

Planning tip: Experience Soomaa in its fifth season (usually in March and April) when melting snow floods the landscape, creating an extraordinary opportunity for kayaking through lush, green forests.

5. Celebrate the Summer Solstice

Midsummer’s Eve and Midsummer’s Day are celebrated in Estonia with numerous customs and festivities. As important as Christmas, these days allow Estonians to escape to the countryside, celebrate with bonfires and enjoy traditional foods and drinks under the long summer sunlight.

Local tip: For an authentic experience, accept an invitation from local friends, as they share the many traditions of this holiday.

6. Cross-Country Ski the President’s Trail

Despite lacking mountains, Estonia boasts excellent cross-country skiing opportunities, particularly in the countryside. In winter, enjoy the breathtaking scenery along well-maintained trails, including the renowned President’s Trail. Don’t be intimidated by local skiers; they are likely to offer encouraging shouts as you enjoy your winter sports adventure!

7. Use the Freedom to Roam

Estonia’s “everyman’s right” invites locals and visitors alike to hike, camp, or forage almost anywhere, even on private land. Although freedom accompanies certain responsibilities, you can explore the country’s stunning landscapes without restriction. The state forest service provides campsites with basic amenities, allowing you to immerse yourself in Estonia’s rich nature.

8. Hike Over Duckboards in a Bog

Once considered scary, Estonian bogs are now revered landscapes perfect for family outings. Trails with boardwalks navigate the most popular bogs, offering a safe hiking experience while enjoying the unique flora and fauna that thrive in these areas.

Local tip: During summer visits, remember to bring your swimsuit for a refreshing dip in bog ponds!

9. Soak Up Island Vibes

Estonia’s extensive archipelago, comprising over 2000 islands and islets, encourages an exciting island-hopping experience. Saaremaa is the largest and boasts charming ancient windmills, unique farmhouses, and welcoming spas. Smaller islands provide an exceptional sense of seclusion and often allow exploration on foot or by bike.

10. Head to Tartu for a Lesson in Estonian History

Tartu, Estonia’s university town, is full of life and culture. Here, the National Museum of Estonia offers deep insights into the country’s diverse history from the Stone Age to modern-day e-Estonia.

11. Get to Know Estonia’s Soviet Past

The remnants of the Soviet occupation remain significant in Estonia. While many locals express a desire to forget this chapter, sites such as the Vabamu Museum of Occupations and Freedom provide critical education about this era. Visiting these spots will help you contextualize the modern culture of Estonia.

12. Sweat in a Smoke Sauna

Saunas are an essential part of Estonian culture, with smoke saunas being the most traditional. They are often found throughout the countryside and invite visitors to experience a unique thermal relaxation method. Rotate between the sauna, hot tub, and a plunge in lakes for a refreshing experience.

13. Go Foraging and Taste the Land on Your Plate

Estonia’s culinary gold comes from natural ingredients found in the wild. Berries and mushrooms can often be spotted during hikes through the pine forests. Enjoy dishes in local restaurants that feature these ingredients, or participate in foraging tours led by knowledgeable guides to enhance your culinary experiences.

14. Join the Summer Revelers in Pärnu

Pärnu transforms into a lively hot spot during the summer season, drawing visitors from across the region. Enjoy cycling around town, trying out popular local eateries, and sipping cocktails by the beach. Don’t miss the beautiful sunsets from the long stone pier for a perfect romantic evening.

15. Meet the Russian Old Believers on the Onion Route

Onion Route offers a glimpse into the unique cultural heritage of Russia’s Old Believers who settled on the shores of Lake Peipsi. Explore the charm of quaint villages, bustling with traditions of trout fishing, onion farming, and Orthodox rituals.

Detour: Visit the Setomaa region, known for its rich cultural blend of Estonian and Russian traditions, where you can even participate in a yearly king selection ceremony.