Ghana is famed for its beaches and coastal cities, but exploring the rest of the country is easy, whether you’re drifting along the golden shoreline or heading inland to northern national parks. Traveling through the country as a visitor can be challenging because there are many unspoken rules, but with the right information, you’ll soon be on your way.
Public Buses: The Backbone of Travel in Ghana
The public buses run by Ghana’s State Transport Corporation (STC) are a safe and affordable choice for both short-haul and long-distance travel across the country. They are comfortable even for longer journeys. The four-hour trip from Accra to Cape Coast costs about C85 one way, making it an economical option for your travel budget.
Tickets can be purchased online for some trips, but most are sold at the bus station – it’s advisable to arrive early before tickets sell out. Check the STC website for route details and bus station locations, as many cities have multiple stations. Note that there is an extra charge for luggage.
Air Travel: A Convenient Option for Limited Time
Africa World Airlines (AWA) and Passion Air operate domestic flights within Ghana, with routes radiating from Accra. Both airlines offer several daily flights to Takoradi, Tamale, and Kumasi, with Passion Air also flying to Wa, Ho, and Sunyani. While flying is generally more expensive than bus travel and involves environmental considerations, it remains the fastest way to travel from region to region, typically involving a seamless process with small aircraft.
Driving: For the Confident Driver
Driving in Ghana is not for the faint of heart; however, if you possess an international driver’s permit in addition to your home license, you can rent a car and drive yourself. Alternatively, you can hire a car with a driver for US$100 to US$150 per day, plus fuel. Expect road conditions in Ghana to be subpar, with potholes, unfinished surfaces, and wandering wildlife common on backroads.
Local driving habits include frequent rule breaking, heavy congestion in most cities, and unsealed secondary roads. Therefore, renting a car could lead to more stress than it’s worth. Ensure you understand what your insurance covers, particularly for driving on dirt roads, as major car hire companies have offices in Accra.
Tro-tros: Cheap and Fast Journeys
Tro-tros, small minivans or buses, are prevalent in Ghanaian cities. They function like hop-on-hop-off public buses, stopping regularly for passengers. Often the cheapest way to navigate cities, a 30-minute tro-tro ride may cost about C10.
Tro-tros typically operate with a two-person team: a driver and a mate who announces upcoming stops. While utilizing tro-tros may seem tricky for visitors unfamiliar with the area, they are recognizable and simple to hail. Carry small bills, as fares are low, and the mate may not have change for larger denominations. However, note that tro-tros constantly stop, potentially prolonging journey times.
Taxis: The More Expensive Option
Ordinary taxis are the priciest transport method in Ghana. They are not metered; consequently, you will need to negotiate fares, which tend to be inflated for tourists. Taxis are generally safe, yet many prefer rideshare apps like Uber or Bolt, which show real-time route tracking and enable sharing with trusted contacts. Always reference Uber or Bolt fares to gauge reasonable taxi pricing.
Rideshares: Convenient for Urban Travel
Uber and Bolt are the go-to apps for hailing rideshares in Ghana, frequently cheaper than standard taxis, although fares can spike during peak hours. Utilizing these services is often the most efficient way to navigate cities, enabling comparison for the best fare.
Both apps operate predominantly in Accra and Kumasi, while Bolt also serves Takoradi and Cape Coast. Rideshares can be arranged for intercity travel, subject to driver agreement. However, if you intend to travel to areas where rideshares are unavailable, drivers may request double the usual fare for the return trip.
Walking: A Good Strategy for Beating Traffic
In cities lacking sidewalks, walking alongside the road may be faster than sitting in traffic. However, you’ll share the roadside with crowds and vehicles, so exercise caution. While daytime walking is generally safe, avoid solo ventures after dark.
Motorcycle Taxis: A Quick, Yet Risky Choice
Motorcycle taxis (okadas) are common in busy areas and widely used by locals. If you intend to use them, negotiate your fare upfront. Although they can navigate through traffic effortlessly, okadas are not the safest option due to high accident rates, particularly in urban settings. Hence, it’s prudent to assess your comfort level regarding local driving practices.
Tuk-tuks: An Efficient, Affordable Option
Tuk-tuks can be found in some cities like Tamale. This small, three-wheeled transport offers a unique way to travel around with some shade, as they’re often referred to as “yellow yellows” in northern Ghana. Catching their attention is easy—simply wave, and the drivers will negotiate your fare.
Accessible Transportation: Considerations for Travelers with Disabilities
Traveling in Ghana poses challenges for individuals with disabilities. Uneven sidewalks and the predominance of steps create barriers. For visually impaired travelers or those with mobility issues, hiring adapted vehicles is often advisable. Though rideshare options exist, tro-tros and similar services are typically unsuitable due to limited space.
This article provides an extensive overview of transportation options in Ghana, aiding travelers in navigating the nation’s diverse travel landscape effectively.
