Top 12 National Parks in Kenya
National parks and Kenya go hand in hand. It’s home to a whopping 23 of them, as well as four marine national parks. From the unforgettable scene of thousands of wildebeest crossing the Mara River during their migration to the sight of steaming geysers at Hell’s Gate National Park, Kenya certainly has no shortage of protected parks, reserves, marine parks, and privately owned conservancies.
Many people travel to Kenya with a steely determination to see the Big Five (rhino, buffalo, elephants, leopards, and lions). The term originates from colonial-era hunters who deemed these to be the most dangerous animals to hunt on foot. However, don’t let an obsession with seeing them all stop you from visiting national parks that don’t feature the full list – you’re sure to spot plenty of other equally fascinating creatures.
From spectacular scenery and geothermal springs to brilliantly colored birdlife and the indigenous communities that inhabit these areas, Kenya’s national parks offer richer experiences beyond wildlife viewing. You’ll be in for a treat whatever parks you choose to visit. Here are the 12 best national parks in Kenya.
1. Masai Mara National Reserve
Known locally as the Mara, the Masai Mara National Reserve is Kenya’s most famous national park, particularly because from July to October, it serves as the route for the Great Migration. During this time, thousands of wildebeest, giraffes, and zebras travel from the Serengeti across the Mara River to the lush grass of Kenya. Nile crocodiles lie on the riverbanks, waiting for their prey.
The semi-nomadic Maasai communities are another draw, attracting travelers with their traditional singing, dancing, and vibrant dress. The Maasai people own several private reserves around the Mara, already supporting community-powered tourism.
2. Amboseli National Park
Situated in southern Kenya near Tanzania, Amboseli National Park is famous for its big-tusked elephants and stunning views of Mt Kilimanjaro. With a population estimated at 1,500 elephants, the park’s unique environment features a network of swamps attracting many bird species. Amboseli is also home to big cats, buffalo, Maasai giraffe, and more.
3. Tsavo National Park
Comprising two national parks, Tsavo East and Tsavo West, Tsavo is renowned for its large elephant herds and striking semi-arid landscape. Tsavo East is mostly flat plains, while Tsavo West features lush mountainous areas with swamps and abundant birdlife. Birdwatchers will find happiness with approximately 500 species in Tsavo West.
4. Nairobi National Park
Opened in 1946, Nairobi National Park was Kenya’s first national park and is notable because it is the world’s only national park within a city. With skyscrapers as a backdrop, visitors can spot an array of wildlife including lions, leopards, buffalo, and the endangered black rhino.
5. Mt Kenya National Park
For hikers and climbers, Kenya’s second highest mountain, Mt Kenya, deserves a spot on your adventure list. The park offers excellent camping options, including wild camping along lesser-used trails and rock climbing on the lower peaks.
6. Aberdare National Park
Aberdare National Park is distinctive for its misty forests and river valleys. Home to black rhinos, elephants, and baboons, it boasts incredible biodiversity and hiking opportunities among its steep ravines and waterfalls.
7. Meru and Kora National Parks
For rugged, remote landscapes, Meru and Kora National Parks are excellent options. These parks are home to diverse wildlife, including Grevy’s zebras, elephants, and buffalo, along with over 420 bird species.
8. Samburu National Reserve
Northern Kenya’s Samburu National Reserve is well-known for its unique wildlife including the “Special 5”: Grevy’s zebra, Somali ostrich, reticulated giraffe, gerenuk, and beisa oryx. Visitors can experience vibrant Samburu culture alongside exceptional wildlife sightings.
9. Hell’s Gate National Park
Hell’s Gate National Park, known for its dramatic landscape featuring geothermal steam, offers exhilarating hiking and biking experiences. Although wildlife is not the primary reason for visiting, the park is home to zebras, buffalos, and various bird species.
10. Lake Nakuru National Park
Located within driving distance of Nairobi, Lake Nakuru National Park is famous for its high concentration of bird species, including pelicans and flamingos. It also offers excellent game viewing opportunities with waterbuck and white rhinos prevalent in the area.
11. Lake Naivasha
Though not a national park, Lake Naivasha is one of the most picturesque areas near Nairobi, surrounded by acacia forests and volcanic landscapes. Hippos and various birdlife thrive in this high-altitude freshwater lake, making it an excellent spot for nature lovers.
12. Lake Turkana National Parks
Lake Turkana National Parks, comprising three parks, surrounding the world’s largest permanent desert lake. Known for its vibrant landscapes and unique wildlife, the area hosts diverse ecosystems and is a hotspot for cultural festivals celebrating the local communities.
Kenya’s national parks offer unparalleled experiences filled with breathtaking landscapes and rich biodiversity. Whether you seek adventure, nature, or cultural immersion, these parks have something for every traveler.
