1. Introduction
The Alps (les Alpes) are the most famous of Europe’s mountain ranges, predominantly located to the east of France and bordering Switzerland and Italy. This majestic range is dominated by Mont Blanc, at 15,774 ft (4,808 meters), the highest peak in Western Europe, which is perpetually adorned with snow. Initially explored by rock climbers in the 19th century, the Alps now offer exhilarating experiences for both beginners and experts alike, including numerous Via Ferratas (iron ladders bolted onto rocks).
2. Alpine Landscapes
In the Alps, you’ll encounter some of the most dramatic mountain landscapes. Towering ranges can be seen from the Mediterranean coast, providing a stunning backdrop to picturesque towns. During winter, the Alps transform into a skiers’ paradise, while summer brings in hikers, cyclists, and fishing enthusiasts who enjoy the serene lakes.
3. The Main Towns
Grenoble, known as the ‘capital of the Alps’, is a vibrant city featuring a medieval quarter filled with shops and restaurants. Additionally, it boasts a rich cultural scene, from a renowned modern art museum to the Resistance Museum. This historical city originated as a Roman fortified town and gained its fame through a local uprising in 1788 that ignited the French Revolution. Grenoble is also the endpoint of the Route Napoléon, where the French Emperor arrived in March 1815. With an international airport, it serves nearby skiing resorts, including Les Deux-Alpes and L’Alpe d’Huez.
Annecy, located just 50 km (31 miles) south of Lake Geneva, is celebrated as one of the most beautiful resort towns in the French Alps. This charming town is graced with historical monuments, including the impressive Château, which houses a museum and observatory, alongside an Old Town filled with arcaded shops and the iconic Palais de l’île, a fortress situated amidst the Canal du Thiou.
Chambéry lies at the gateway to the mountain passes into Italy, highlighting its significance as a trading outpost in the 14th and 15th centuries. Once the capital of Savoy, this attractive city is home to impressive architecture and several engaging museums. Northward, you will find the spa resort of Aix-les-Bains, known for its rejuvenating thermal baths, while Lac du Bourget, France’s largest natural lake, offers excellent opportunities for various watersports.
Briançon, positioned 100 km (62 miles) east of Grenoble, is noted for being one of Europe’s highest towns (1350 meters or 4,429 ft above sea level). It boasts a remarkable citadel and fortifications established by Vauban in the 17th century. For an exciting array of sports, visit the Parc National des Ecrins and Vallouise, located around 20 km (12 miles) to the southwest.
4. Winter Sports
The Alps are home to some of the most extensive connected ski areas globally. Les Trois Vallées encompasses famous resorts such as Courchevel, Méribel, La Tania, and more, totaling 338 slopes and 600 km of pistes.
Other renowned areas include Portes du Soleil (featuring 288 slopes and 650 km not entirely interconnected), Paradiski (offering 239 slopes and 420 km of pistes), and Espace Killy (boasting 137 slopes with 300 km of slopes).
5. Highlights
Aiguille du Midi: Experience a thrilling ascent aboard the téléphérique, one of the world’s highest cable cars, elevating you 3000 meters above the Chamonix valley for breathtaking views of Mont Blanc. While it is pricey (55 euros return for adults), the panoramic vistas make it a worthwhile adventure.
Walking through the stunning national and regional parks, such as Ecrins and Chartreuse, reveals an array of limestone peaks, lush pine forests, and beautiful pasturelands.
Lake cruise on Lac d’Annecy offers options for one or two-hour experiences or a 2- to 3-hour cruise that includes lunch or dinner. Prices for short cruises start around 14 euros, while lunch and dinner cruises are available from approximately 55 euros.
