Summary
The State of Ohio is renowned for its rich history, featuring over 70 Indian mounds, which serve as burial sites for the Adena and Hopewell tribes, known as the “mound builders.” These tribes inhabited central and southern Ohio from around 3,000 BCE until the 16th century. When visiting Ohio’s Indian mounds, one can experience fascinating historical insights and cultural enlightenment, making a perfect weekend side trip from Cleveland.
1. Serpent Mound Near Chillicothe (Adams County)
The Serpent Mound is a remarkable site known to be the largest effigy earthwork worldwide, measuring 1,370 feet long, crafted by the Adena people. This astonishing structure, shaped like a snake with its mouth agape and an egg visible, was first documented by surveyors Ephraim Squier and Edwin Davis in 1846. Located in Adams County along the Ohio River, it is now administered by the Ohio Historical Society, which also operates a museum dedicated to the Adena people. The site welcomes visitors year-round, with the museum open from March through December, varying hours by the season. Admission is free.
2. Hopewell Cultural National Historic Site (Ross County)
This historic site encompasses five separate sites, including the renowned Mound City Group and the Seip Mound, all situated in Ross County near Chillicothe. The mounds date back to the Hopewell Civilization (200 to 500 AD) and feature various burial mound shapes. Visitors can explore a well-equipped center presenting information about the Hopewells and showcasing artifacts from excavation efforts. The Hopewell Cultural National Historic Site is open daily without any admission fee.
3. Miamisburg Mound (Montgomery County)
The Miamisburg Mound stands at 100 feet and is attributed to the Adena culture. Located in Miamisburg, close to Dayton in southwestern Ohio, this impressive earthwork allows visitors to ascend via a 116-step concrete stairway. Additionally, it is surrounded by a 37-acre park equipped with picnic areas and a playground. Open daily from dawn to dusk, this mound offers free admission.
4. Fort Ancient (Warren County)
Located alongside the Little Miami River in Warren County, Fort Ancient features a series of Indian mounds, including the largest prehistoric hilltop enclosure in the United States, which boasts 3.5 miles of walls and 60 gateways. These mounds are linked to the Hopewell tribe. Surrounding this site is a state park with trails for hiking and biking, as well as a museum that chronicles over 15,000 years of American Indian history. Moreover, nearby is Fort Ancient village, a historical 19th-century settlement, including the well-known Cross Key Tavern. From April through November, the site operates Tuesday-Saturday and Sundays, while it remains open weekends only from December through March. An admission fee applies, with free entry for children aged 5 and under.
5. Newark Earthworks (Licking County)
The Newark Earthworks can be found around Newark, Ohio, approximately an hour east of Columbus. This site comprises three unique locations associated with the Hopewell culture, namely: The Great Circle Earthworks, the largest circular earthworks in North America; the Octagon Earthworks; and the Wright Earthworks. Additionally, a nearby museum in Heath, Ohio, showcases various artifacts from the excavations at these sites. The Great Circle Earthworks are accessible Monday to Friday throughout the year, and during weekends from Memorial Day to Labor Day, while the other two sites are open from dawn to dusk. Admission to all three sites is free.
