Summary
The Cathedral of Cologne (or Kölner Dom) is one of Germany’s most significant architectural monuments. This Gothic masterpiece, situated in the heart of Cologne, is not only a must-see attraction but also free to visit. It stands as the fourth tallest cathedral in the world, once boasting the highest church spires ever built. Today, the Cathedral remains a symbol of the city and an awe-inspiring sight for visitors.
History of the Cologne Cathedral
The construction of the magnificent Cologne Cathedral began in 1248, intended to house the revered relic known as the “Shrine of the Three Holy Kings.” It took over 600 years to complete this iconic structure, with the final touches finishing in 1880, true to the original architectural plans.
During World War II, the city center was devastated by bombings. Remarkably, the cathedral emerged unscathed, standing tall amidst the destruction. Some attributed its survival to divine intervention, while others believed its prominence served as a landmark for pilots. Since 1996, it has been recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Treasures of the Cologne Cathedral
- Shrine of the Three Holy Kings – This remarkable work of art is a golden sarcophagus adorned with jewels. Dating back to the 13th century, it is the largest reliquary in the Western world, housing the crowned skulls and garments of the Three Wise Men, who are patrons of the city.
- Gero Cross – The Gero-Kreuz is the oldest surviving crucifix north of the Alps, carved in oak in 976. It uniquely represents the first Western depiction of the crucified Christ on the Cross and stands at an impressive six feet tall.
- Milan Madonna – Located in the Sacrament Chapel, the Mailänder Madonna is an elegant wooden sculpture from the 13th century, depicting the Blessed Virgin Mary with the infant Jesus. It is considered the oldest representation of the Madonna in the cathedral.
- Modern Mosaic Glass Window – Marvel at the modern stained glass window designed by German artist Gerhard Richter in 2007, located in the south transept. This contemporary piece consists of over 11,000 identically sized glass pieces, offering a fresh interpretation of stained glass art.
- South Tower – The south tower’s platform offers breathtaking views 100 meters high after climbing 533 steps. While the view at the top is a highlight, take note of the bell chamber, which contains eight bells, including St. Peter’s Bell, the largest freely swinging church bell in the world.
Getting to the Cologne Cathedral
If arriving by metro or train, disembark at the “Dom/Hauptbahnhof” stop. The Cologne Cathedral towers over the central railway station of Cologne, making it an unmissable landmark right next door.
Tips for Your Visit
- The main hall of the Cathedral cannot be explored during mass or services.
- Access to the altar and choir area is restricted during confession.
- Prepare for a climbing adventure; reaching the viewing platform requires ascending 509 stairs, but the view is worth it.
- If you plan to visit both the tower and the treasury, consider purchasing a combined entrance ticket for convenience.
